1900 in Australia

• Monarch – Queen Victoria
• Governor-General – John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun (from 29 October 1900)

Note: Legislation enabling the federation of Australia had been passed in the colonies and the United Kingdom, but proclamation of the Commonwealth of Australia was not set to occur until 1 January 1901. Although this meant that there was no Prime Minister of Australia in 1900, the role of Governor-General was established prior to proclamation through letters patent.^[1]

• 3 January – Electric lighting is installed on Adelaide streets.
• 25 January – State Labour politicians meet in Sydney to formally found the federal Labour party.
• 25 March – The S.S. Glenelg is wrecked off the Victorian coast, resulting in 31 deaths.
• March to May – Record rainfall and flooding affect the Pilbara and Gascoyne regions of Western Australia
• 9 May – The Sierra Nevada is wrecked off Portsea, Victoria; 23 lives are lost.
• 2 July – Snow falls to extremely low levels in New South Wales, being recorded as low as Forbes.
• 5 July – The Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act (UK) is passed.
• 24 July – Neville Howse rescues a fallen ally under heavy fire during the Second Boer War, becoming the first Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross.
• 8 August – The first Australian contingents of naval volunteers set sail for China to assist British and international troops during the Boxer Rebellion.
• 17 October – Natural gas is found at Roma in Queensland
• 27 October – Notorious murderer Jimmy Governor is apprehended near Wingham, New South Wales.
• 15 December – Upon his arrival in Australia, the first Governor-General, Lord Hopetoun, commits the so-called Hopetoun Blunder.

• 14 September – The film Soldiers of the Cross is shown in Melbourne, one of the first films shown in Australia. (IMDb entry)

• 8 January – Merlyn Myer, Australian philanthropist (died 1982)
• 25 January – Harold Raggatt, public servant (died 1968)
• 12 February – Sir Ragnar Garrett, army officer (died 1977)^[2]
• 7 March – Sir Lorimer Dods, medical pioneer (died 1981)
• 29 March – John McEwen, caretaker Prime Minister (1967–1968) (died 1980)
• 26 April – Alice Berry, social activist (died 1978)^[3]
• 29 April – Amelia Best, politician (died 1979)^[4]
• 4 July – Belinda Dann, centenarian, longest-lived member of the Stolen Generation (died 2007).^[5]
• 29 July – Mary V. Austin, community worker and political activist (died 1986)^[6]
• 1 August – Otto Nothling, rugby union and cricket player (died 1965)^[7]
• 16 August – Ida Browne, geologist and palaeontologist (died 1976)^[8]
• 9 October – Frank O'Grady, Australian public servant (d. 1981)^[9]
• 19 October – Bill Ponsford, cricketer (died 1991)
• 20 October – Jack Lindsay, writer (died 1990)
• 3 December
  • Karna Maria Birmingham, artist, illustrator and print maker (died 1987)^[10]
  • Albert Hawke, Premier of Western Australia (1953–1959) (died 1989)
• 10 December – Eric Costa, politician (died 1976)

• 17 July – Thomas McIlwraith, former Queensland premier (born 1835)
• 22 August – Dagmar Berne, medical doctor and the first female student to study medicine in Australia (born 1866)
• 17 November – John Ferris, Australian cricketer (born 1867)

• 3,765,339^[11]

• List of Australian films before 1910