1913 in Germany
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Events in the year 1913 in Germany.
Incumbents
National level
State level
Kingdoms
- King of Bavaria â Otto to 5 November, then Ludwig III
- King of Prussia â Wilhelm II
- King of Saxony â Frederick Augustus III
- King of Württemberg â William II
Grand Duchies
Principalities
- Schaumburg-Lippe â Adolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt â Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen â Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg
- Principality of Lippe â Leopold IV, Prince of Lippe
- Reuss Elder Line â Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz (with Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line to 29 March, then Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line, as regent)
- Reuss Younger Line â Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line to 29 March, then Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line
- Waldeck and Pyrmont â Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Duchies
- Duke of Anhalt â Frederick II, Duke of Anhalt
- Duke of Brunswick â Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg (regent) to 1 November, then Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick from 2 November
- Duke of Saxe-Altenburg â Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
- Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha â Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen â Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
Colonial Governors
- Cameroon (Kamerun) â Karl Ebermaier (1st term) to 9 October, then ... Full
- Kiaochow (Kiautschou) â Alfred Meyer-Waldeck
- German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) â Albert Heinrich Schnee
- German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) â Albert Hahl (2nd term)
- German Samoa (Deutsch-Samoa) â Erich Schultz-Ewerth
- German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) â Theodor Seitz
- Togoland â Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg
Events
- April 10 â Albrecht Grocery Shop, predecessor of the Aldi discount store chain globally, is founded in Essen.[2]
- May 16 â Eberswalde Hoard discovered
- June 20 â Bremen school shooting causes the death of five pupils and the wounding 21 other people.[3]
- September 9 â In Oppau, BASF starts the world's first plant for the production of fertilizer based on the Haber-Bosch process, feeding today about a third of the world's population.
- October 17 â Johannisthal air disaster occurs with an Imperial German Navy's L 2 airship's test flight resulted in the death of all 28 passengers and crew on board
- Date unknown - Bergius process is invented by German chemist Friedrich Bergius.
- Date unknown - Chemical element Protactinium is first identified by Oswald Helmuth Göhring and Kasimir Fajans.
- Date unknown - Die Naturwissenschaften first published by Die Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.
Births
- 23 January - Herbert Runge, German boxer (died 1986)
- 29 January - Peter von Zahn, German journalist, writer (died 2001)
- 25 February â Gert Fröbe, German actor (died 1988)
- 26 February â Hermann Lenz, German poet and author (died 1998)
- 2 March - Falk Harnack, German director and screenwriter (died 1991)
- 18 March - Reinhard Hardegen, German U-boat commander (died 2018)
- 21 March - Werner Höfer, German journalist (died 1997)
- 9 April - Heinrich Wöhlk German optometrist. (died 1991)
- 10 April - Stefan Heym, German writer (died 2001)
- 19 April - Karl Rawer, German physicist, specialist in radio wave propagation and the ionosphere (died 2018)
- 21 April - Kai-Uwe von Hassel, German politician (died 1997)
- 24 April - Paul Esser, German actor (died 1988)
- 27 April â Luz Long, German long jump athlete (died 1943)
- 13 May - Lotte Rausch, German actress (died 1995)
- 26 May - Josef Manger, German heavy weightlifter (died 1991)
- 31 May â Peter Frankenfeld, German comedian (died 1979)
- 2 June - Walter Andreas Schwarz, German singer, song-writer (died 1992)
- 10 June â Benjamin Shapira, German-born Israeli biochemist (died 1993)
- 26 June â Rudolf Brazda, German concentration camp prisoner (died 2011)
- 1 August - Heinz Ellenberg, German biologist (died 1997)
- 1 August - Hajo Herrmann, German Luftwaffe pilot (died 2010)
- 4 August â Johann Niemann, SS officer (died 1943)
- 10 August â Wolfgang Paul, German physicist (died 1993)
- 26 August - Julius Döpfner, German cardinal of Roman Catholic Church (died 1976)
- 15 September - Johannes Steinhoff, German general (died 1994)
- 15 September - Hans Filbinger, German politician (died 2007)
- 26 September - Berthold Beitz, German industrialist (died 2013)
- 26 September - Ernst Schnabel, German writer (died 1986)
- 24 October - Jürgen Oesten, German seaman, U-boat commander during World War II. (died 2010)
- 8 November â Ludwig Elsbett, German engineer (died 2003)
- 13 November - Walter Horten, German aircraft pilot (died 1998)
- 21 November - Volker von Collande, German actor and film director (died 1990)
- 24 November - Gisela Mauermayer, German athlete (died 1995)
- 9 December - Friedrich Dickel, German politician (died 1993)
- 9 December - Fritz Grasshoff, German writer (died 1997)
- 18 December â Willy Brandt, German politician, former Chancellor of Germany (died 1992)
- 19 December - Ernst Stuhlinger, German rocket scientist (died 2008)
- 25 December â Henri Nannen, German journalist (died 1996)
- 28 December - Egbert Hayessen, German mayor (died 1944)
- 30 December - Tilo von Berlepsch, German actor (died 1991)
Deaths
- 4 January - Alfred von Schlieffen, German fieldmarshall (born 1833)
- 6 January - Carl Arp, landscape painter (born 1867)
- 8 January - Friedrich Schrempf, German editor and politician (born 1858)
- 11 January - Karl Binz, German pharmacologist (born 1832)[4]
- 21 January - Friedrich von Hollmann, German admiral (born 1842)
- 6 March â Paul Friedrich August Ascherson, botanist (born 1834)
- 29 March â Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line, nobleman (born 1832)
- 14 April - Carl Hagenbeck, German merchant (born 1844)[5]
- 19 April â Hugo Winckler, archaeologist (born 1863)
- 29 April - Andreas Flocken, German engineer and inventor (born 1845)
- 29 May â Eduard Pechuël-Loesche, naturalist, geographer, ethnologist, painter, traveler, author and plant collector (born 1840)
- 9 August â Wilhelm Albermann, German sculptor (born 1835)
- 13 August
- Bernhard Bardenheuer, surgeon (born 1839)
- August Bebel, politician (born 1840)
- 21 August â Carl Ludwig von Bar, jurist (born 1836)
- 29 August â Herman Aron, electrical engineer (born 1845)
- 31 August â Erwin Bälz, physician and anthropologist (born 1849)
- 29 September â Rudolf Diesel, engineer and inventor (born 1858)
- 5 October - Hans von Bartels, painter (born 1856)
- 10 October - Adolphus Busch, German businessman (born 1839)
- 7 December - Heinrich Ernst Göring, German jurist and diplomat (born 1839)
- 8 December - Johann von Berenberg-Gossler, banker (born 1839)
- 22 December â Theodor Kaes, neurologist (born 1852)
