1922 Baoding plane crash
1922 aviation accident in China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
On 31 March 1922, a Baoding Air Force Handley Page passenger aircraft conducting a test flight crashed whilst attempting to land back at Baoding Airport, Baoding, China. Having descended too low, the aircraft clipped trees and crashed into the ground, bursting into flames, killing all 14 occupants on board the aircraft.
- near Baoding Airport, Baoding, China
| Accident | |
|---|---|
| Date | 31 March 1922 |
| Summary | Crashed during landing |
| Site |
|
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Handley Page aircraft |
| Operator | Baoding Air Force |
| Flight origin | Baoding Airport |
| Destination | Baoding Airport |
| Occupants | 14 |
| Fatalities | 14 |
| Survivors | 0 |
The flight took place on the final day of a three-day test flight tour conducted in Baoding to develop civil aviation in China. The crash was China's first civil aviation accident and resulted in the Baoding Air Force being banned from carrying passengers during training flights.
Background
On 1 November 1921, Zhili clique warlords founded the Baoding Air Force using aircraft salvaged from Beijing.[1][2] The pilots were trained using the Air Force's three remaining Handley Page aircraft.[2] In spring 1922, Cao Kun established the jÄ«ng hà n hángkÅng xià n chóubèi chù (京æ±èªç©ºçº¿ç¹å¤å¤; "Beijing-Hankou Air Line Preparatory Office"), under the pretext of "developing civil aviation". As such, to improve publicity and expand its influence, from 29 to 31 March, a Handley Page passenger aircraft would be used to conduct a test flight tour in Baoding.[1] During the three-day tour, the flight carried personnel from government agencies in Boading, military units, and organizations. The first two days of the tour were uneventful.[1]
From November 1921 until 31 March 1922, according to historical records from the Republic of China, there were no fatal aviation accidents at Baoding Airport.[3]
Accident
On 31 March 1922, the aircraft was conducting a test flight, carrying 14 occupants on board consisting of pilot-in-command Ma Yufang (马æ¯è³), pilots Ma Guishan (马æ¡å±±) and Tian Zhaolin (ç°å é), chief flight engineer Wu Yongzhong (æ¦æ°¸å¿ ) and engineer Zhai Fengming (ç¿å¤é¸£), 23rd Division company commander Xu Yi (å¾æ¯ ), platoon leaders Wang Shaozhou (çç»è), Liu Guoyuan (åå½å£), Bian Dexian (边德æ¾), and Zhang Boling (å¼ ä¼¯é¾), quartermaster Liang Fangji (æ¢è³é), dispatchers Wang Zhi (çæº) and Bao Wenwei (é²æä¼), and officer training cadet Yang Jiayou (æ¨åä½). Ma Yufang was a pilot for the Baoding Air Force, having graduated from the second class of the Nanyuan Aviation School.[3] The aircraft was returning and attempting to land at Baoding Airport, but at 10:20 am, due to a low approach altitude, the tail of the aircraft struck treetops at Wulipu, northeast of the airport, causing the plane to crash into the ground and burst into flames.[1][3][4] It took firefighters more than an hour to extinguish the fire.[3] All 14 occupants on board the aircraft were killed and the aircraft was destroyed.[1][5]
Aftermath
The crash was the first accident involving a Chinese civilian aircraft and the first aviation accident in China.[1][6] Having learned of the crash, Cao Kun was shocked; feeling that "the aviation force, as a war tool, was not a good tool", he ordered the improvement of safety regarding flight training and stressed that other people were no longer allowed on board training flights.[2] As such, due to the large number of casualties, the Baoding Air Force was prohibited from carrying passengers during training flights.[3]