1931 in poetry

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Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Events

Louis Zukofsky edits the February issue of Poetry magazine. The issue eventually will be recognized as the founding document of the Objectivist poets. It features poetry by Zukofsky, Charles Reznikoff, Carl Rakosi, George Oppen, Basil Bunting, William Carlos Williams, Kenneth Rexroth, and many others. Also in the issue: Zukofsky's essay "Sincerity and Objectification".
George Oppen and his wife, Mary Oppen found To Publishers in Le Beausset, France; Louis Zukofsky is editor.
Beacon magazine founded in Trinidad (lasts until 1933)^[1]

Works published in English

Canada

Wilson MacDonald, A Flagon Of Beauty. Toronto: Pine Tree Publishing.^[2]
Marjorie Pickthall, The Naiad and Five Other Poems (Toronto: Ryerson)^[3]

India, in English

A.R. Chida, editor, An Anthology of Indo-Anglian Verse with an Introductory Note to Each Set of Selections, Hyderabad: A. R. Chida, 113 pages; anthology; Indian poetry in English^[4]

United Kingdom

John Betjeman, Mount Zion; or, In Touch with the Infinite^[5]
Laurence Binyon, Collected Poems^[5]
Edmund Blunden:
- Themis^[5]
- (editor) The Poems of Wilfred Owen
Robert Bridges, Shorter Poems^[5]
Roy Campbell, The Georgiad,^[5] a satire openly attacking the Bloomsbury Group; a South African native published in the United Kingdom
C. Day-Lewis, From Feathers to Iron^[5]
Lawrence Durrell, Quaint Fragments
T. S. Eliot:
- Coriolan
- Triumphal March^[5]
John Gawsworth
- Confession: verses
- Fifteen Poems: Three Friends
- Snowballs
Robert Graves, Poems 1926â1930^[5]
Aldous Huxley:
- The Cicadas, and Other Poems^[5]
- The World of Light; A comedy, a verse drama performed March 30^[5]
John Lehmann, A Garden Revisited, and Other Poems^[5]
Ã, pen name of George William Russell, Vale, and Other Poems^[5]
Osbert Sitwell, The Collected Satires and Poems^[5]
William Soutar, Conflict^[5]
Arthur Symons, Jezbel Mort, and Other Poems (sic)^[5]
Humbert Wolfe, Snow^[5]

United States

Franklin P. Adams, Christopher Columbus^[6]
Conrad Aiken:
- The Coming Forth by Day of Osris Jones^[6]
- Preludes for Memnon^[6]
E. E. Cummings, W (ViVa)^[6]
H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), Red Roses for Bronze
Langston Hughes, The Negro Mother^[6]
Edna St. Vincent Millay, Fatal Interview^[6]
Ogden Nash:
- Free Wheeling^[6]
- Hard Lines^[6]
Dorothy Parker, Death and Taxes^[6]
Edward Arlington Robinson, Mathias at the Door^[6]
Wallace Stevens, Harmonium, including "Le Monocle de Mon Oncle", "The Comedian as the Letter C", "The Emperor of Ice Cream", "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird", "Peter Quince at the Clavier", "Sunday Morning", "Sea Surface Full of Clouds" and "In the Clear Season of Grapes"), Knopf, revised from 1923 edition^[7]
Mark Van Doren, Jonathan Gentry^[6]
Yvor Winters, The Journey^[6]
Gamel Woolsey, Middle Earth

Other in English

Norman Cameron, Guianese Poetry: 1831â1931^[1]
Kenneth Slessor, Harley Matthews and Colin Simpson, Trio: A Book of Poems, Sydney: Sunnybrook Press, Australia
Gertrude Stein, Before the Flowers of Friendship Faded Friendship Faded: written on a poem by Georges Hugnet, American poet published in France^[8]

Works published in other languages

France

Guillaume Apollinaire, pen name of Wilhelm Apollinaris de Kostrowitzky, Le condor et le morpion, posthumously published (died 1918)^[9]
Louis Aragon:
- Hourra l'Oural, influenced by the author's conversion to Marxism^[10]
- PersÃ©cutÃ© PersÃ©cuteur^[11]
AndrÃ© Breton, L'union libre^[11]
Francis Jammes, L'Arc-en-ciel des amours, Paris: Bloud et Gay^[12]
Pierre Jean Jouve, Les Noces^[11]
Tristan Tzara, pen name of Sami Rosenstock, L'Homme approximatif^[11]

Indian subcontinent

Including all of the British colonies that later became India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Listed alphabetically by first name, regardless of surname:

Atul Prasad Sen, Gitigunja, complete collection of songs by this Bengali poet and composer^[13]
Bal Krisna Rav, Kaumudi, Indian, Hindi-language^[13]
Bhagavadacharya, Mohanapancadhydyi, Sanskrit poem on Mahatma Gandhi^[13]
Chanda Jha, Candra Padyavali, edited by Baladev Mishra, Maithili^[13]
D. K. Kelkar, Kavyalocan, a treatise in Marathi on literary theory; discusses the nature of poetry, figures of speech, the nature of poetic pleasure and Indian literary concepts^[13]
K. V. Simon, Veda Viharam, long poem based on the book of Genesis; India, Malayalam language^[14]
Mahjoor, Nav Baharo Myani Locaro Ho, Kashmiri^[13]
Mayadhar Mansinha, Dhupa, poems in this collection remained very popular as of the mid-1990s; Oriya^[13]
Mohan Singh Diwana, Jagat Tamasa, Punjabi (a 1927 novel by Charan Singh Sahid has the same title)^[13]
Raja K. K., Baspanjali, Malayalam work by a poet of the Vallathol school^[13]
Siyaram Sharan Gupta, Atmostsarga, on the self-sacrifice of Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi in the cause of communal peace; Hindi^[13]
Tallapragada Visvasundaramma, Ratri, including many patriotic poems; Telugu^[13]
Umashankar Joshi, Vishwashanti, also spelled "Visvasanti"^[13] (Indian, writing in Gujarati)^[15]
V. Seetharamayya, Gitagalu, the author's first book of poetry, with navodaya lyrics more intellectual than most; Kannada^[13]

Spanish language

Spain

Federico GarcÃa Lorca, Poema del cante jondo ("Poem of Deep Song")
Pedro Salinas, FÃ¡bula y signo ("Fable and Sign")^[16]
JosÃ© Moreno Villa, Carambas^[16]

Latin America

Enrique PeÃ±a Barrenechea, Cinema de los sentidos puros, Peru^[17]
Vicente Huidobro, Altazor, Chilean poet published in Spain

Other languages

Vladimir Mayakovsky, ÐÐµÐ¼ ÐÑÑÑ (Kem byt'?, "Whom Shall I Become?"), Soviet Russia, published posthumously, for children
Giorgos Seferis, Î£ÏÏÎ¿ÏÎ® ("Strophe") (Greece)

Awards and honors

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Robert Frost: Collected Poems

Births

Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

January 6
- Juan Goytisolo (died 2017), Spanish poet, essayist and novelist
- P. J. Kavanagh (died 2015), English poet, lecturer, actor and broadcaster
January 14 â Ahmed Faraz, pseudonym of Syed Ahmad Shah (died 2008), Pakistani Urdu-language poet, son of Agha Syed Muhammad Shah Bark Kohati, a leading traditional poet^[18]
February 2 â Judith Viorst, American author known for her children's books and poetry
February 16 â Makoto Åoka å¤§å²¡ä¿¡ (died 2017), Japanese poet and literary critic
April 9 â Gerard Benson (died 2014), English poet
April 15 â Tomas TranstrÃ¶mer (died 2015), Swedish writer, poet and translator
April 19 â Etheridge Knight (died 1991), African-American poet
May 2 â Ruth Fainlight, American poet, short story writer, translator and librettist
May 16 â Peter Levi (died 2000), English poet, professor of poetry at the University of Oxford, Jesuit priest, archaeologist, travel writer, biographer, scholar, prolific reviewer and critic
May 27 â O. N. V. Kurup (died 2016), Indian, Malayalam-language poet
June 5 â James Fenton (died 2021), Northern Irish Ulster Scots dialect poet
June 6 â Kiki Dimoula, Greek poet (died 2020)
June 7 â Okot p'Bitek (died 1982), Ugandan poet
June 13 â Jay Macpherson (died 2012), Canadian lyric poet and scholar; she is a member of the "mythopoeic school of poetry"
June 20 â Urszula KozioÅ (died 2025), Polish poet, writer, and dramatist
June 21 â Patricia Goedicke (died 2006), American poet
July 29 â C. Narayana Reddy (died 2017), Indian poet
July 28 â Alan Brownjohn, English poet and novelist
August 11 â Delia DomÃnguez (died 2022), Chilean poet
September 30 â Jansug Charkviani (died 2017), Georgian poet and politician
November 8 â Jack Collom (died 2017), American poet
December 15 â ShuntarÅ Tanikawa è°·å· ä¿å¤ªé, Japanese poet and translator (surname: Tanikawa)
Unknown date â Sonja Dunn, Canadian poet

Deaths

Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:

March 16 â Harold Edward Monro, 54, British poet, proprietor of the Poetry Bookshop in London
March 31 â Puran Singh (born 1881), Indian, writing Indian poetry in English^[19]
April 2 â Katharine Tynan, 70 (born 1861), Irish poet, novelist and writer who, after her marriage in 1898, usually wrote under the names "Katharine Tynan Hinkson", "Katharine Tynan-Hinkson" or "Katharine Hinkson-Tynan"
April 10 â Khalil Gibran, 48, poet, artist and writer born in Lebanon who spent much of his productive life in the United States
November 19 â Xu Zhimo, 34 (born 1897), Chinese poet, in aviation accident
December 5 â (Nicholas) Vachel Lindsay, 42 (born 1879), American poet and early advocate of jazz poetry, suicide by poison

Notes

[1]
"Chronology for Anglophone Caribbean poetry", p xviii, in Brenier, Laurence A., An Introduction to West Indian Poetry, Cambridge University Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-521-58712-9, retrieved via Google Books, February 7, 2009
[2]
Search results: Wilson MacDonald, Open Library, Web, May 10, 2011.
[3]
"Marjorie Pickthall 1883-1922: Works", Canadian Women Poets, BrockU.ca, Web, Apr. 6, 2011
[4]
Joshi, Irene, compiler, "Poetry Anthologies" Archived 2009-08-30 at the Wayback Machine, "Poetry Anthologies" section, "University Libraries, University of Washington" website, "Last updated May 8, 1998", retrieved June 16, 2009. 2009-06-19.
[5]
Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
[6]
Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602â1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press
[7]
"Wallace Stevens (1879â1955)". Poetry Foundation. Archived from the original on 2009-03-02. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 2009-05-04.
[8]
Dexter, Gary (2010). Title Deeds: the hidden stories behind 50 books. Tiverton: Old Street Publishing. pp. 132â36. ISBN 978-1-906964-24-5.
[9]
Web page titled "Guillaume Apollinaire (1880â1918)" at the Poetry Foundation website, retrieved August 9, 2009. 2009-09-03.
[10]
Bree, Germaine, Twentieth-Century French Literature, translated by Louise Guiney, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983
[11]
Auster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN 0-394-52197-8
[12]
Web page titled "POET Francis Jammes (1868â1938)", at The Poetry Foundation website, retrieved August 30, 2009. 2009-09-03.
[13]
Das, Sisir Kumar and various, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy, Volume 2, 1995, published by Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9, retrieved via Google Books on December 23, 2008
[14]
Paniker, Ayyappa, "Modern Malayalam Literature" chapter in George, K. M., editor, Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology, pp 231â255, published by Sahitya Akademi, 1992, retrieved January 10, 2009
[15]
Mohan, Sarala Jag, Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature" (Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved December 10, 2008
[16]
Debicki, Andrew P., Spanish Poetry of the Twentieth Century: Modernity and Beyond, University Press of Kentucky, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8131-0835-3, retrieved via Google Books, November 21, 2009
[17]
Fitts, Dudley, editor, Anthology of Contemporary Latin-American Poetry/AntologÃa de la PoesÃa Americana ContemporÃ¡nea Norfolk, Conn., New Directions, (also London: The Falcoln Press, but this book was "Printed in U.S.A.), 1947, p 635
[18]
Pandya, Haresh, "Ahmed Faraz, Outspoken Urdu Poet, Dies at 77", obituary, The New York Times, September 1, 2008, retrieved December 10, 2008 ("He was earlier reported to have died while being treated in a Chicago hospital after a fall in Baltimore, but he returned to his homeland, where he died.")
[19]
Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 314, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010.