1956 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska

Incumbent Republican Congressman Phil Weaver ran for re-election to a second term.^[2] He defeated Richard Johnson, a student and U.S. Marine Corps veteran, in the Republican primary, and was challenged by perennial candidate Samuel Freeman, the Democratic nominee, in the general election. Weaver defeated Freeman in a landslide, winning re-election with 67 percent of the vote.

Incumbent Republican Congressman Jackson B. Chase declined to seek re-election to a second term, observing that he "had no intention of seeking a second term," and instead sought to return to the Fourth Judicial District Court, where he had served prior to his election in 1954.^[6] Former Omaha Mayor Glenn Cunningham won the Republican primary and faced former State Senator Joseph Benesch, who narrowly won the Democratic primary, and independent Al Misegadis in the general election. Cunningham defeated Benesch, winning his first term with 53 percent of the vote to Benesch's 45 percent.

Incumbent Republican Congressman R. D. Harrison ran for re-election to another term. He was challenged in the Republican primary by State Senator Lester Anderson and former South Sioux City Mayor Merle Haynes. Harrison won the primary with a narrow majority, receiving 51 percent of the vote, and advanced to the general election, where he was opposed by Democratic nominee Lawrence Brock, the former Chairman of the Nebraska Democratic Party. Harrison only narrowly defeated Brock, winning by just 246 votes.^[16] Brock considered contesting the election before the U.S. House Committee on Elections,^[17] but ultimately conceded the race.^[18]

Incumbent Republican Congressman Arthur L. Miller ran for re-election. He won the Republican primary in a landslide over dentist Howard Eby, and was challenged by Carlton W. Laird, his Democratic opponent from 1954, in the general election. Miller defeated Laird by a wide margin, winning 66 percent of the vote to Laird's 34 percent.