1989 elections in India
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Elections in the Republic of India in 1989 included the 1989 Indian general election, elections to eight state legislative assemblies and to seats in the Rajya Sabha.
Incumbent Prime MinisterV. P. Singh (NF)
Next Lok Sabha14th
Seats contested543
Overall controlJanata Dal
| ← 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 → | |
| Incumbent Prime Minister | V. P. Singh (NF) |
|---|---|
| Next Lok Sabha | 14th |
| Lok Sabha elections | |
| Seats contested | 543 |
| Rajya Sabha elections | |
| Overall control | Janata Dal |
| Seats contested | TBD |
| Net seat change | TBD |
| State elections | |
| States contested | 8 |
| Net state change | TBD |
General election
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
| Indian National Congress | 118,894,702 | 39.53 | 197 | |
| Janata Dal | 53,518,521 | 17.79 | 143 | |
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 34,171,477 | 11.36 | 85 | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 19,691,309 | 6.55 | 33 | |
| Telugu Desam Party | 9,909,728 | 3.29 | 2 | |
| Communist Party of India | 7,734,697 | 2.57 | 12 | |
| Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 7,196,099 | 2.39 | 0 | |
| Bahujan Samaj Party | 6,213,390 | 2.07 | 3 | |
| All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 4,518,649 | 1.50 | 11 | |
| Janata Party | 3,029,743 | 1.01 | 0 | |
| Shiromani Akali Dal (Simranjit Singh Mann) | 2,318,872 | 0.77 | 6 | |
| Revolutionary Socialist Party | 1,854,276 | 0.62 | 4 | |
| Pattali Makkal Katchi | 1,561,371 | 0.52 | 0 | |
| Doordarshi Party | 1,338,566 | 0.45 | 0 | |
| All India Forward Bloc | 1,261,310 | 0.42 | 3 | |
| Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | 1,032,276 | 0.34 | 3 | |
| Indian Congress (Socialist) – Sarat Chandra Sinha | 978,377 | 0.33 | 1 | |
| Indian Union Muslim League | 974,234 | 0.32 | 2 | |
| Indian People's Front | 737,551 | 0.25 | 1 | |
| Peasants and Workers Party of India | 636,589 | 0.21 | 0 | |
| All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen | 617,376 | 0.21 | 1 | |
| Lok Dal (Bahuguna) | 602,110 | 0.20 | 0 | |
| Bharatiya Republican Paksha | 572,434 | 0.19 | 0 | |
| Karnataka Rajya Ryota Sangha | 495,565 | 0.16 | 0 | |
| Republican Party of India (Khobragade) | 468,615 | 0.16 | 0 | |
| Gorkha National Liberation Front | 435,070 | 0.14 | 1 | |
| Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal) | 427,609 | 0.14 | 0 | |
| Jharkhand Dal | 367,838 | 0.12 | 0 | |
| Kerala Congress (M) | 352,191 | 0.12 | 1 | |
| Shiv Sena | 339,426 | 0.11 | 1 | |
| Marxist Co-ordination Committee | 247,013 | 0.08 | 1 | |
| Nagaland People's Council | 239,124 | 0.08 | 0 | |
| Hindu Mahasabha | 217,514 | 0.07 | 1 | |
| Manipur Peoples Party | 147,128 | 0.05 | 0 | |
| Republican Party of India | 129,300 | 0.04 | 0 | |
| Humanist Party of India | 122,947 | 0.04 | 0 | |
| All India Dalit Muslim Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh | 120,159 | 0.04 | 0 | |
| Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party | 116,392 | 0.04 | 1 | |
| Kuki National Assembly | 108,085 | 0.04 | 0 | |
| Shiromani Akali Dal | 100,570 | 0.03 | 0 | |
| Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava) | 100,300 | 0.03 | 0 | |
| People's Party of Arunachal | 96,181 | 0.03 | 0 | |
| Uttar Pradesh Republican Party | 91,740 | 0.03 | 0 | |
| Sikkim Sangram Parishad | 91,608 | 0.03 | 1 | |
| Amra Bangali | 80,834 | 0.03 | 0 | |
| Jammu & Kashmir National Conference | 71,194 | 0.02 | 3 | |
| Mizo National Front | 70,749 | 0.02 | 0 | |
| Kerala Congress | 68,811 | 0.02 | 0 | |
| Tharasu Makkal Mandaram | 64,885 | 0.02 | 0 | |
| Democratic Party | 43,667 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Shoshit Samaj Dal | 42,282 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Uttarakhand Kranti Dal | 39,465 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) | 38,937 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Muslim Majlis Uttar Pradesh | 25,839 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Proutist Bloc Of India | 23,331 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Jammu & Kashmir Panthers Party | 22,625 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Bharatiya Jana Sangh | 22,446 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Karnataka Gana Parishad | 19,593 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Socialist Party (Lohiya) | 17,639 | 0.01 | 0 | |
| Tamiliar Kazhagam | 12,859 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Rising Sun Party | 12,858 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Indian Congress (J) Trikha Group | 12,539 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Socialist Party | 12,430 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Socialist Unity Centre of India | 8,747 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| All India Garib Congress | 7,635 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Hul Jharkhand Party | 6,663 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Bhatiya Krishi Udyog Sangh | 5,895 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Lok Party | 4,731 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Akhil Bhartiya Gorkha League (Budhiman Gurung) | 4,426 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Shoshit Samaj Party | 3,756 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Scientific Vedic Revolutionary Party | 3,470 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Deseeya Karshaka Party | 3,059 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad | 2,998 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Barat Desam Labour Party | 2,944 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Progressive Hul Jharkhand | 2,890 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Republicon Presidium Party | 2,791 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| West Orissa Peoples Front | 2,682 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| West Bengal Socialist Party (Biman Mitra) | 2,411 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| All India Shiromani Baba Jiwan Singh Mazhbi Dal | 2,368 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Akhil Bhartiya Hindustani Krantikari Samajwadi Party | 2,263 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Green Party of India | 2,142 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Akhil Baratiya Pichhra Varg Party | 2,055 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Tamil Nadu Peoples Welfare Association | 1,964 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Sadharam Rajya Parishad | 1,928 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Indian National Congress (O) Anti-Merger Group | 1,735 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Gujarat Janata Parishad | 1,577 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| All India Justice Party | 1,428 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Peoples Democracy of India | 1,392 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Punjab Peoples Party | 1,374 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Hindustan Janata Party | 1,361 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Bharatha Makkal Congress | 1,357 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Deccan Congress | 1,332 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Akhil Bhartiya Lok Tantrik Party | 1,272 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Vijaya Shakti | 1,093 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Bhartiya Loktantrik Mazdoor Dal | 1,035 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Pandav Dal | 918 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| National Republican Party | 839 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Bhartiya Loktantrik Mazdoor Sangh | 703 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Mahabharat Peoples Party | 694 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Indian Union Muslim League (IML) | 687 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Manipur Peoples Council | 677 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Vishal Bharat Pary | 621 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Republican Party of India (Gavai Group) | 539 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Punjab Kairon Dal | 493 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Peoples Party of India | 478 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Indian Labour Party | 406 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Socialist Labour League | 391 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Bharatiya Krantikari Kisan Sang | 367 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Kamaraj Desiya Congress | 322 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Punjab Naya Front | 314 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Hindu Shiv Sena | 160 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Bhartiya Lok Kalyan Dal | 145 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Labour Party of India | 99 | 0.00 | 0 | |
| Independents | 15,793,781 | 5.25 | 12 | |
| Nominated Anglo-Indians | 2 | |||
| Total | 300,776,423 | 100.00 | 531 | |
| Valid votes | 300,776,423 | 97.32 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 8,274,072 | 2.68 | ||
| Total votes | 309,050,495 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 498,906,129 | 61.95 | ||
| Source: ECI[1] | ||||
Overall result
| Date(s) | State | Government before | Chief Minister before | Government after | Elected Chief Minister | Maps | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 January 1989 and 11 March 1989 | Tamil Nadu | President's Rule | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | M. Karunanidhi |  | |||
| 22 November 1989 | Andhra Pradesh | Telugu Desam Party | N. T. Rama Rao | Indian National Congress | Marri Chenna Reddy |  | ||
| Goa | Indian National Congress | Pratapsingh Rane | Indian National Congress | Pratapsingh Rane |  | |||
| Karnataka | President's Rule | Indian National Congress | Veerendra Patil |  | ||||
| Mizoram | President's Rule | Indian National Congress | Lal Thanhawla |  | ||||
| Nagaland | President's Rule | Indian National Congress | S. C. Jamir |  | ||||
| Uttar Pradesh | Indian National Congress | Narayan Dutt Tiwari | Janata Dal | Mulayam Singh Yadav |  | |||
| 26 November 1989 | Sikkim | Sikkim Sangram Parishad | Nar Bahadur Bhandari | Sikkim Sangram Parishad | Nar Bahadur Bhandari |  | ||
Legislative Assembly elections
Andhra Pradesh
Source:[2]
| No | Party | Seats Contested | Seats Won | Seats change | Vote Share | Swing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Indian National Congress | 287 | 181 | +131 | 47.09% | +3.67% |
| 2 | Telugu Desam Party | 241 | 74 | -128 | 36.54% | -9.67% |
| 3 | Communist Party of India | 19 | 8 | -3 | 2.31% | -0.05% |
| 4 | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 15 | 6 | -5 | 2.46% | +0.15% |
| 5 | Bharatiya Janata Party | 12 | 5 | -3 | 1.78% | +0.46% |
| 6 | Janata Dal | 4 | 1 | +1 | 0.37% | +0.37% |
| 7 | All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen | 35 | 4 | +4 | 1.99 | +1.99% |
| 8 | Independent (politician) | 15 | +6 | 6.58% | -2.52% | |
Goa
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian National Congress | 204,321 | 40.52 | 20 | |
| Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party | 195,533 | 38.78 | 18 | |
| Gomantak Lok Party | 15,894 | 3.15 | 0 | |
| Janata Dal | 7,045 | 1.40 | 0 | |
| Shiv Sena | 4,960 | 0.98 | 0 | |
| Communist Party of India | 2,882 | 0.57 | 0 | |
| Bhartiya Janata Party | 1,985 | 0.39 | 0 | |
| Gomantak Bahujan Samaj Parishad | 896 | 0.18 | 0 | |
| Janata Party | 246 | 0.05 | 0 | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 105 | 0.02 | 0 | |
| Independents | 70,338 | 13.95 | 2 | |
| Total | 504,205 | 100.00 | 40 | |
| Valid votes | 504,205 | 97.64 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 12,207 | 2.36 | ||
| Total votes | 516,412 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 712,562 | 72.47 | ||
| Source: ECI | ||||
Karnataka
| Political Party |
Seats contested |
Seats won |
Number of Votes |
% of Votes |
Seat change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian National Congress | 221 | 178 | 7,990,142 | 43.76% |  113 | |
| Janata Dal | 209 | 24 | 4,943,854 | 27.08% | New Party | |
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 118 | 4 | 755,032 | 4.14% | 2 | |
| Janata Party (JP) | 217 | 2 | 2,070,341 | 11.34% |  137 | |
| Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha | 105 | 2 | 654,801 | 3.59% | New Party | |
| AIADMK | 1 | 1 | 32,928 | 0.18% | 1 | |
| Muslim League | 13 | 1 | 80,612 | 0.44% | New Party | |
| Independents | 1088 | 12 | 1,482,482 | 8.12% | 1 | |
| Total | 2043 | 224 | 18,257,909 |
Mizoram
 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Indian National Congress | 93,561 | 34.85 | 23 | 10 | |
| Mizo National Front | 94,763 | 35.29 | 14 | 10 | |
| Mizoram People's Conference | 52,813 | 19.67 | 1 | 2 | |
| Independents | 27,353 | 10.19 | 2 | 2 | |
| Total | 268,490 | 100.00 | 40 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 268,490 | 98.95 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 2,849 | 1.05 | |||
| Total votes | 271,339 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 333,733 | 81.30 | |||
| Source: ECI[4] | |||||
Nagaland
 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Indian National Congress | 253,792 | 51.45 | 36 | +2 | |
| Nagaland People's Conference | 205,283 | 41.61 | 24 | New | |
| National People's Party | 13,596 | 2.76 | 0 | New | |
| Independents | 20,625 | 4.18 | 0 | –7 | |
| Total | 493,296 | 100.00 | 60 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 493,296 | 98.89 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 5,526 | 1.11 | |||
| Total votes | 498,822 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 582,416 | 85.65 | |||
| Source: ECI[5] | |||||
Sikkim
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sikkim Sangram Parishad | 94,078 | 70.41 | 32 | +2 | |
| Indian National Congress | 24,121 | 18.05 | 0 | –1 | |
| Rising Sun Party | 11,472 | 8.59 | 0 | New | |
| Denzong Peoples Chogpi | 298 | 0.22 | 0 | New | |
| Independents | 3,650 | 2.73 | 0 | –1 | |
| Total | 133,619 | 100.00 | 32 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 133,619 | 95.97 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 5,608 | 4.03 | |||
| Total votes | 139,227 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 192,619 | 72.28 | |||
| Source: ECI | |||||
Tamil Nadu
| Alliance/Party | Seats won | Change | Popular Vote | Vote % | Adj. %‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMK+ alliance | 169 | +137 | 9,135,220 | 37.9% | ||
| DMK | 150 | +126 | 8,001,222 | 33.2% | 38.7% | |
| CPI(M) | 15 | +10 | 851,351 | 3.5% | 36.5% | |
| JNP | 4 | +1 | 282,647 | 1.2% | 29.1% | |
| AIADMK+ alliance | 34 | -100 | 7,757,452 | 32.2% | ||
| AIADMK(J) | 27 | -101 | 5,098,687 | 22.2% | 25.0% | |
| AIADMK(JA) | 2 | 2,214,965 | 9.2% | 12.2% | ||
| AIADMK(United) | 2 | 148,630 | 0.6% | 37.4% | ||
| CPI | 3 | +1 | 295,170 | 1.2% | 21.3% | |
| Others | 31 | -37 | 7,218,796 | 29.9% | ||
| INC | 26 | -37 | 4,780,714 | 19.8% | 21.8% | |
| IND | 5 | +1 | 2,164,484 | 9.0% | 9.1% | |
| Total | 234 | – | 24,111,468 | 100% | – | |
†: Seat change reflects 33 MLAs that supported Jayalalithaa faction and 97 MLAs that supported Janaki faction (2 MLAs that supported her had their constituency election in a later March by-election after the merge). It also reflects GKC merging with INC and AKD not winning a seat after winning a seat in 1984.
‡: Vote % reflects the percentage of votes the party received compared to the entire electorate that voted in this election. Adjusted (Adj.) Vote %, reflects the % of votes the party received per constituency that they contested.
Sources: Election Commission of India[6]
Uttar Pradesh
 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
| Janata Dal | 11,571,462 | 29.71 | 208 | New | |
| Indian National Congress | 10,866,428 | 27.90 | 94 | –175 | |
| Bharatiya Janata Party | 4,522,867 | 11.61 | 57 | +41 | |
| Bahujan Samaj Party | 3,664,417 | 9.41 | 13 | +13 | |
| Communist Party of India | 606,885 | 1.56 | 6 | 0 | |
| Lok Dal (B) | 464,555 | 1.19 | 2 | New | |
| Janata Party (JP) | 289,154 | 0.74 | 1 | New | |
| Communist Party of India (Marxist) | 142,763 | 0.37 | 2 | 0 | |
| Shoshit Samaj Dal | 71,763 | 0.18 | 1 | New | |
| Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha | 68,943 | 0.18 | 1 | +1 | |
| Other Parties | 655,972 | 1.68 | 0 | – | |
| Independents | 6,020,921 | 15.46 | 40 | +17 | |
| Total | 38,946,130 | 100.00 | 425 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 38,946,130 | 95.18 | |||
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,971,832 | 4.82 | |||
| Total votes | 40,917,962 | 100.00 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 79,560,897 | 51.43 | |||
| Source: ECI[7][8] | |||||