1990 Panay earthquake

UTCtime1990-06-14 07:40:56

LocaldateJune 14, 1990

1990 Panay earthquake
USGS Macroseismic Intensity Map of the earthquake
Culasi, Antique Show map of Visayas Culasi, Antique Show map of Philippines
UTC time	1990-06-14 07:40:56
ISC event	366142
USGS-ANSS	ComCat
Local date	June 14, 1990 (1990-06-14)
Local time	3:41 p.m.^[1]
Magnitude	7.1 M_w^[2]
Depth	15 km (9.3 mi)^[1] 18.1 km (11.2 mi)^[2]
Epicenter	11°20′N 122°06′E / 11.34°N 122.10°E / 11.34; 122.10^[1]
Areas affected	Panay Island
Total damage	₱30 million
Max. intensity	PEIS VII (Destructive)^[1] MMI VIII (Severe)^[2]
Tsunami	No
Landslides	Yes
Casualties	8 dead, 41 injured

The 1990 Panay earthquake occurred at 3:41 p.m. local time on 14 June 1990 on the island of Panay in Visayas, Philippines. With a measured magnitude of 7.1 on the Richter scale, the earthquake left eight dead, 41 injured, and an estimated damage of ₱30 million.^[1]

According to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), the epicenter was located in the vicinity of Culasi, Antique on Panay Island. The earthquake had a depth of 15 km (9.3 mi) and was produced in the collisional zone off the western side of Panay Island by a fault movement.^[1] However, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) recorded the epicenter to be in Union, Libertad, Antique, and the depth of focus of the earthquake at 18.1 km (11.2 mi), deeper than what was recorded by PHIVOLCS.^[2] The shaking was felt strongly across Panay Island, while weak to moderate tremor was experienced in other parts of the Visayas, as well as in portions of Southern Luzon and Northern Mindanao.^[1]

Intensity distribution by location^[1]
PEIS	Location
VII	Culasi (Antique); Libacao (Aklan)
VI	Balete, Kalibo, Madalag, Numancia, Altavas, and Makato (Aklan); Sigma and Cuartero (Capiz); Calinog (Iloilo)
V	Northern part of Negros Island
IV	Romblon; the rest of Negros Island
III	Cebu City; Taal; Mayon; Palo (Leyte)
II	Cagayan de Oro; Camiguin Island

Impact

Antique

In Culasi, the majority of casualties were reported. A total of seven people were killed, while 31 others were injured. Several residential and commercial buildings collapsed and were damaged, along with four bridges. Fissures were recorded in two barangays as well as an upliftment in Bagacay. Landslides also occurred along the slopes of Mt. Madya-as.^[1]

Aklan

Aklan suffered the most widespread structural and infrastructural damage among affected provinces, with numerous residential buildings, public facilities, churches, and bridges affected across several municipalities.

In Libacao, five concrete residential buildings were totally destroyed, while 30 others sustained partial damage. Two churches and a river control project were heavily damaged, and five highway bridges suffered partial impairment.^[1]

Significant damage was also reported in Balete, where the Baptist church and public market were heavily affected, and a religious icon was toppled. The rural health center and a rice mill collapsed, while the district hospital was declared unsafe for future use. Additional impact included partial destruction to another public market and to bridge approaches. One residential house collapsed completely, while ten others were partially damaged. A ground fissure was also observed along a river.^[1]

In Madalag, both the municipal and district hospital buildings sustained cracks. In the provincial capital, Kalibo, damage was relatively minor, though the Aklan Science High School and a local cinema were partially damaged, and cracks were observed in the walls of the Catholic church. A ceramic house also sustained partial damage.^[1]

Elsewhere, a sand boil was observed in Numancia, indicating ground liquefaction. In Altavas, the wharf was partially damaged, while cracks were reported in the walls of the local cathedral and a religious icon was ruined. In Makato, the sports complex sustained minor damage, and the posts and beams of the public market were affected.^[1]

Capiz

In Capiz, moderate damage was reported in a few communities, with partial damage observed in a church and several houses in Cuartero, as well as a bridge and a communication tower in Sigma.^[1]

Iloilo

Impact in Iloilo was relatively limited and localized. In Calinog, several buildings of the Philippine Constabulary Regional Command and the local Catholic church was damaged.^[1]

v t e Earthquakes in the Philippines
Historical	1628 Camarines 1645 Luzon 1863 Manila 1879 Surigao 1880 Southern Luzon 1897 Mindanao
20th century	1913 Sulawesi–Mindanao 1918 Celebes Sea 1948 Lady Caycay 1955 Lanao 1968 Casiguran 1973 Ragay Gulf 1976 Moro Gulf 1983 Luzon 1988 Mindoro 1990 Bohol Sea 1990 Panay 1990 Luzon 1992 Mindanao 1994 Mindoro 1999 Luzon
21st century	2002 Mindanao 2010 Mindanao 2012 Negros 2012 Samar 2013 Bohol 2017 Surigao 2017 Batangas 2017 Leyte 2019 Luzon 2019 Eastern Samar July 2019 Cotabato 2019 Batanes October 2019 Cotabato 2019 Davao del Sur 2020 Masbate 2021 Davao del Sur 2021 Davao Oriental 2022 Luzon November 2023 Mindanao December 2023 Mindanao 2025 Cebu 2025 Davao Oriental