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2024 European Parliament election in Spain

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An election was held in Spain on 9 June 2024 as part of the concurrent EU-wide election to the 10th European Parliament. All 61 seats allocated to the Spanish constituency as per the Treaty of Lisbon and the 2023 Council Decision establishing the composition of the European Parliament were up for election.[a]

Registered38,050,286 Increase 2.2%
Turnout17,652,007 (46.4%)
Decrease 14.3 pp
Quick facts All 61 Spanish seats in the European Parliament, Registered ...
2024 European Parliament election in Spain
← 2019
9 June 2024
2029 →
All 61[a] Spanish seats in the European Parliament
Opinion polls
Registered38,050,286 Increase 2.2%
Turnout17,652,007 (46.4%)
Decrease 14.3 pp
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Dolors Montserrat Teresa Ribera Jorge Buxadé
Party PP PSOE Vox
Alliance EPP S&D Patriots
Leader since 1 April 2019 24 April 2024 21 April 2019
Last election 13 seats, 20.2% 21 seats, 32.9% 4 seats, 6.2%
Seats won 22 20 6
Seat change Increase 9 Decrease 1 Increase 2
Popular vote 5,996,627 5,291,102 1,688,255
Percentage 34.2% 30.2% 9.6%
Swing Increase 14.0 pp Decrease 2.7 pp Increase 3.4 pp
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Diana Riba Estrella Galán Alvise Pérez
Party Ahora Repúblicas Sumar SALF
Alliance Greens/EFA
The Left		 Greens/EFA
The Left		 NI
Leader since 6 February 2024 19 March 2024 22 February 2024
Last election 3 seats, 5.6% 3 seats (UPCE)[b] Did not contest
Seats won 3 3 3
Seat change Steady 0 Steady 0 Increase 3
Popular vote 860,660 818,015 803,545
Percentage 4.9% 4.7% 4.6%
Swing Decrease 0.7 pp n/a New party
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The election resulted in a victory for the opposition People's Party (PP), albeit short of the landslide victory that opinion polls had predicted a few weeks before the vote. At 34.2% and 22 seats, this was an increase of 14 percentage points and 9 seats from its 2019 performance. The ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), with third deputy prime minister Teresa Ribera as its lead candidate, held its own by scoring 30.2% and 20 seats, a drop of less than three points and one seat to its 2019 result. Far-right Vox increased its count by three points and two seats to just below 10% and 6, whereas the left-wing vote split between Yolanda Díaz's Sumar alliance and former minister Irene Montero's Podemos. The election was notable for the surprise performance of social media polemicist Alvise Pérez's right-wing Se Acabó La Fiesta (Spanish for "The Party is Over"), which scored in sixth place just below Sumar. Left-wing nationalist Ahora Repúblicas roughly maintained its share and seats from the 2019 election, whereas Carles Puigdemont's Together and Free for Europe (Junts UE) and the peripheral nationalist Coalition for a Solidary Europe (CEUS) saw large drops in support. The vote for liberal Citizens (Cs), which had peaked at 12.2% and 8 seats in the previous election, collapsed to 0.7%, losing all of its parliamentary representation.

The aftermath of the election saw the resignation of Yolanda Díaz as Sumar's leader over her alliance's disappointing results and in Vox leaving the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) to join Viktor Orbán's new Patriots for Europe grouping.

Overview

Electoral system

Voting for the European Parliament in Spain was based on universal suffrage, which comprised all Spanish nationals and resident non-national European citizens over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they had not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.[3] Amendments in 2022 abolished the "begged" voting system (Spanish: voto rogado), under which non-resident citizens were required to apply for voting.[4][5] The begged vote system was attributed responsibility for a major decrease in the turnout of Spaniards abroad during the years it was in force.[6]

61 European Parliament seats were allocated to Spain as per the Treaty of Lisbon and subsequent acts.[7][a] All were elected in a single multi-member constituency—comprising the entire national territory—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with no electoral threshold.[8] The use of this electoral method resulted in an effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution.[9]

The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term were filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.[10]

Outgoing delegation

Main article: List of members of the European Parliament for Spain, 2019–2024

The table below shows the composition of the Spanish delegation in the chamber at the time of the election call.[11]

More information Groups, Parties ...
Delegation composition in May 2024
Groups Parties MEPs
Seats Total
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats PSOE 21 21
European People's Party PP 13 13
Renew Europe Cs 7 9
EAJ/PNV 1
INDEP 1[c]
The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL Podemos 3 6
SMR 1
IU 1
Anticap. 1[d]
European Conservatives and Reformists Vox 4 4
Greens–European Free Alliance ERC 2 3
BNG 1
Non-Inscrits Junts 3 3
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Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, alliances and groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement could be lifted and replaced through the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils. Electors and elected officials were disallowed from signing for more than one list.[14] Additionally, a balanced composition of men and women was required in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition.[15]

Below is a list of the main parties and alliances which contested the election:

More information Candidacy, Parties and alliances ...
Candidacy Parties and
alliances		 Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Ref.
Vote % Seats
PSOE
List
 Teresa Ribera Social democracy 32.9% 21 [16]
PP
List
 Dolors Montserrat Conservatism
Christian democracy		 20.2% 13 [17]
Cs
List
 Jordi Cañas Liberalism 12.2% 8 [18]
[19]
Sumar
List
 Estrella Galán Progressivism
Green politics
Democratic socialism
11.4%
[e]		 6 [20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
Podemos
List
 Irene Montero Left-wing populism
Democratic socialism		 [24]
[25]
[26]
Vox
List
 Jorge Buxadé Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
National conservatism		 6.2% 4 [27]
Ahora
Repúblicas
List
 Diana Riba Secessionism
Left-wing nationalism		 5.6% 3 [28]
[29]
[30]
Junts UE
List
 Toni Comín Catalan independence
Populism
4.5%
[f]		 3 [31]
[32]
CEUS
List
 Oihane Agirregoitia Peripheral nationalism 2.8% 1 [33]
[34]
SALF
List
 Alvise Pérez Right-wing populism
Anti-establishment		 Did not contest [35]
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Campaign

Party slogans

More information Party or alliance, Original slogan ...
Party or alliance Original slogan English translation Ref.
PSOE « Más Europa » "More Europe" [36]
PP « Tu voto es la respuesta » "Your vote is the answer" [37]
Cs « Equipo España » "Team Spain" [38]
Vox « Nos van a oír » "They will hear us" [39]
Sumar « Marca el rumbo » "Set the course" [40]
Podemos « Así es la vida » "That is life" [41]
Ahora Repúblicas ERC: « Europa Republicana »
EH Bildu: « Nazioa gara. Orain Euskal Herria »
BNG: « A voz galega en Europa »
Ara Més: « La veu de les Illes a Europa »		 ERC: "Republican Europe"
EH Bildu: « We are a nation. Basque Country Now »
BNG: « The Galician voice in Europe »
Ara Més: « The voice of the Islands[g] in Europe »		 [42]
[43]
[44]
[45]
Junts UE « Per seguir guanyant a Europa » "To keep winning in Europe" [46]
CEUS EAJ/PNV: « Indar Berria Europan. Tu voz importa »
CCa: « El poder de nuestro acento »
GBai: « Nafarroa Europan. Tu voz importa »
El Pi: « Que Europa es banyi »		 EAJ/PNV: "New force in Europe. Your voice matters"
CCa: "The power of our accent/language"[h]
GBai: "Navarre in Europe. Your voice matters"
El Pi: "Let Europe take a risk"		 [47]
[48]
[49]
[50]
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Debates

More information Date, Organisers ...
2024 European Parliament election debates in Spain
Date Organisers Moderator(s)     P  Present[i]    S  Surrogate[j]    NI  Not invited   I  Invited    A  Absent invitee 
PSOE PP Cs Vox Sumar Podemos AR Junts CEUS Audience Refs
18 May La Nueva España[k] Borja Ruisánchez S
Fernández		 S
Solís		 NI NI NI NI NI NI NI — [51]
22 May laSexta
(El Objetivo)		 Ana Pastor P
Ribera		 P
Montserrat		 NI NI NI NI NI NI NI 3.9%
(404,000)
27 May CRTVG[l] Alberto Varela S
Casares		 S
Mon		 S
Nart		 NI S
Villoslada		 NI S
Miranda		 NI NI — [52]
[53]
28 May EITB[m] Odei Esnaola S
Lainez		 S
Iturgaiz		 NI NI S
Larrea		 S
Echeveste		 S
Barrena		 NI P
Agirregoitia		 [54]
[55]
29 May El Comercio[k] Eduardo Paneque S
Fernández		 S
Solís		 NI NI NI NI NI NI NI — [56]
3 June Prisa Àngels Barceló
Carlos de Vega		 P
Ribera		 P
Montserrat		 P
Cañas		 P
Buxadé		 P
Galán		 P
Montero		 NI NI NI [57]
[58]
3 June Cadena SER Eva Domaika S
Mendia		 S
Zarzalejos		 NI A S
Larrea		 S
Lapeña		 S
Barrena		 NI P
Agirregoitia		 [59]
4 June CCMA[n] Xavi Coral S
López		 S
Poptcheva		 P
Cañas		 S
Girauta		 S
Asens		 P
Montero		 P
Riba		 S
Sarri		 NI [60]
4 June EITB Xabier Ormazabal S
Mendia		 S
Zarzalejos		 NI NI S
Larrea		 S
Serra		 S
Barrena		 NI P
Agirregoitia		 [61]
4 June IB3[o] Sílvia Pol
Martina Ramis		 S
Homs		 S
Álvarez		 S
Torres		 S
Heras		 S
Martínez		 S
Pérez Díaz		 S
Weber		 S
Frau		 S
Prunés		 [62]
6 June RTVE Xabier Fortes P
Ribera		 P
Montserrat		 P
Cañas		 P
Buxadé		 P
Galán		 P
Montero		 P
Riba		 S
Sarri		 P
Agirregoitia		 5.6%
(595,000)		 [63]
[64]
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Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font.

Color key:

  Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a European Parliament election taking place.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Victory likelihood

The table below lists opinion polling on the perceived likelihood of victory for each party in the event of a European Parliament election taking place.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Preferred candidate

The table below lists opinion polling on candidate preferences.

More information Polling firm/Commissioner, Fieldwork date ...
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Voter turnout

The table below shows registered voter turnout during the election. Figures for election day do not include non-resident citizens, while final figures do.

More information Province, Time (Election day) ...
Province Time (Election day) Final
14:00 18:00 20:00
2019 2024 +/– 2019 2024 +/– 2019 2024 +/– 2019 2024 +/–
Andalusia 32.98% 26.04% −6.94 45.18% 35.11% −10.07 60.61% 45.29% −15.32 58.45% 43.63% −14.82
Aragon 36.75% 29.96% −6.79 51.27% 40.46% −10.81 67.31% 52.86% −14.45 64.96% 51.07% −13.89
Asturias 32.20% 27.95% −4.25 47.26% 40.73% −6.53 61.15% 50.91% −10.24 54.10% 44.73% −9.37
Balearic Islands 29.26% 22.81% −6.45 42.04% 30.20% −11.84 53.62% 39.08% −14.54 51.52% 37.71% −13.81
Basque Country 36.88% 29.32% −7.56 52.37% 40.60% −11.77 65.40% 50.89% −14.51 62.89% 48.82% −14.07
Canary Islands 24.61% 18.89% −5.72 40.03% 29.46% −10.57 56.00% 40.70% −15.30 51.43% 37.20% −14.23
Cantabria 37.29% 31.42% −5.87 55.08% 44.81% −10.27 67.93% 54.90% −13.03 62.95% 50.65% −12.30
Castile and León 36.08% 30.47% −5.61 52.51% 42.86% −9.65 69.33% 55.46% −13.87 64.51% 51.51% −13.00
Castilla–La Mancha 37.29% 29.39% −7.90 52.78% 39.87% −12.91 69.99% 51.36% −18.63 68.65% 50.34% −18.31
Catalonia 35.38% 24.75% −10.63 50.58% 33.70% −16.88 64.23% 43.53% −20.70 60.93% 41.54% −19.39
Extremadura 39.12% 28.13% −10.99 52.46% 36.82% −15.64 70.07% 48.31% −21.76 68.08% 46.91% −21.17
Galicia 32.92% 26.47% −6.45 50.21% 39.03% −11.18 65.34% 50.50% −14.84 54.54% 42.02% −12.52
La Rioja 38.36% 31.33% −7.03 53.48% 40.54% −12.94 68.85% 52.52% −16.33 64.63% 49.12% −15.51
Madrid 35.13% 31.98% −3.15 51.51% 44.66% −6.85 67.26% 56.31% −10.95 63.58% 52.54% −11.04
Murcia 35.40% 28.97% −6.43 48.39% 37.06% −11.33 62.56% 48.25% −14.31 60.78% 46.79% −13.99
Navarre 39.04% 30.77% −8.27 55.41% 41.30% −14.11 70.40% 52.76% −17.64 66.85% 50.04% −16.81
Valencian Community 38.47% 33.15% −5.32 51.48% 42.64% −8.84 64.33% 53.69% −10.64 62.50% 52.04% −10.46
Ceuta 24.51% 16.77% −7.74 40.65% 24.45% −16.20 55.22% 32.58% −22.64 52.97% 31.08% −21.89
Melilla 25.02% 16.15% −8.87 41.88% 23.97% −17.91 59.73% 33.16% −26.57 54.81% 30.14% −24.67
Total 34.75% 28.00% −6.75 49.45% 38.35% −11.10 64.30% 49.21% −15.18 60.73% 46.39% −14.34
Sources[65]
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Results

Overall

For results by autonomous community/constituency, see Results breakdown of the 2024 European Parliament election in Spain.
More information Parties and alliances, Popular vote ...
← Summary of the 9 June 2024 European Parliament election results in Spain →
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 5,996,62734.21+14.06 22+9
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 5,291,10230.19−2.67 20−1
Vox (Vox) 1,688,2559.63+3.42 6+2
Republics Now (ERC–EH Bildu–BNG–Ara Més) 860,6604.91−0.67 3±0
Unite (Sumar)1 818,0154.67n/a 3±0
The Party is Over (Se Acabó La Fiesta) 803,5454.58New 3+3
We Can (Podemos)1 578,0073.30n/a 2−1
Together and Free for Europe (Junts UE)2 442,1402.52−2.02 1−2
Coalition for a Solidary Europe (CEUS) 284,8881.63−1.19 1±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)3 135,6910.77−0.55 0±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 122,2920.70−11.48 0−8
Workers' Front (FO) 66,0390.38New 0±0
The Forgotten Spain Exists–Municipalists–Fair World (Existe)4 40,2920.23+0.06 0±0
Spanish Left (IzqEsp) 32,7660.19New 0±0
Feminists to the Congress (PFAC) 29,2360.17New 0±0
European Justice (IE) 26,6110.15New 0±0
Andalusia Now (Andalucistas)5 22,9650.13+0.02 0±0
Volt Spain (Volt) 22,0200.13−0.01 0±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 19,5860.11New 0±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 15,2810.09±0.00 0±0
Pirates–Rebel Alliance–European Pirates (Pirates/Rebeldes) 14,4840.08+0.01 0±0
PCPE–PCPC Coalition (PCPE–PCPC)6 11,1770.06−0.07 0±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS)7 9,6770.06+0.01 0±0
Spanish Food Sovereignty (SAE) 9,3110.05New 0±0
Believe in Europe (Cree en Europa)8 9,2760.05−0.01 0±0
Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 7,6180.04−0.18 0±0
Humanist Party (PH) 6,5500.04±0.00 0±0
Country and Rural Movement (PMR) 6,5410.04New 0±0
Salamanca–Zamora–León PREPAL (PREPAL) 6,4560.04New 0±0
Galician Party (GLG) 5,7190.03New 0±0
Future (F) 5,6710.03New 0±0
Together for Extremadura (JUEX) 5,6110.03New 0±0
Workers' Revolutionary Current (CRT) 5,1650.03New 0±0
Extremadurans (PREx–CREx) 3,5090.02−0.03 0±0
Blank ballots 124,6550.71−0.26
Total 17,527,438 61+2
Valid votes 17,527,43899.29+0.15
Invalid votes 124,5690.71−0.15
Votes cast / turnout 17,652,00746.39−14.34
Abstentions 20,398,27953.61+14.34
Registered voters 38,050,286
Sources[65][66][67][68]
Footnotes:
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Popular vote
PP
 
 34.21%
PSOE
 
 30.19%
Vox
 
 9.63%
Ahora Repúblicas
 
 4.91%
Sumar
 
 4.67%
SALF
 
 4.58%
Podemos
 
 3.30%
Junts UE
 
 2.52%
CEUS
 
 1.63%
Others
 
 3.65%
Blank ballots
 
 0.71%
Seats
PP
 
 36.07%
PSOE
 
 32.79%
Vox
 
 9.84%
Ahora Repúblicas
 
 4.92%
Sumar
 
 4.92%
SALF
 
 4.92%
Podemos
 
 3.28%
Junts UE
 
 1.64%
CEUS
 
 1.64%

Maps

  • Vote winner strength by province.
    Vote winner strength by province.
  • Vote winner strength by autonomous community.
    Vote winner strength by autonomous community.

Distribution by European group

More information Groups, Parties ...
Summary of political group distribution in the 10th European Parliament (2024–2029)[11]
Groups Parties Seats Total %
European People's Party (EPP) 22 22 36.07
Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) 20 20 32.79
Patriots for Europe (PfE) 6 6 9.84
Greens–European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) 1
1
1
1		 4 6.56
The Left in the European Parliament–GUE/NGL (The Left) 2
1
1		 4 6.56
Renew Europe (RE) 1 1 1.61
Non-Inscrits (NI) 3
1		 4 6.56
Total 61 61 100.00
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Elected legislators

The following table lists the elected legislators:[69]

More information Elected legislators, # ...
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Notes

  1. [a]
    Note that while the Treaty of Lisbon initially allocated 54 seats to Spain, it was awarded five additional seats as a result of Brexit, and a further two following a European Council Decision in 2023 increasing the size of the European Parliament to 720 seats.[1][2]
  2. [b]
    Within the Podemos–IU and CpE alliances in the 2019 election.
  3. [c]
    Javier Nart, former Cs MEP.[12]
  4. [d]
    Miguel Urbán, former Podemos MEP.[13]
  5. [e]
    Results for Podemos–IU (10.1%, 6 seats) and CpE (1.3%, 0 seats) in the 2019 election.
  6. [f]
    Results for Junts in the 2019 election.
  7. [g]
    Catalan les Illes specifically refers to the Balearic Islands in this context.
  8. [h]
    Spanish acento has double meaning, referring to both the Canarian spoken language and to put emphasis in something.
  9. [i]
    Denotes a main invitee attending the event.
  10. [j]
    Denotes a main invitee not attending the event, sending a surrogate in their place.
  11. [k]
    Asturias-specific debate.
  12. [l]
    Galician-spoken debate.
  13. [m]
    Basque-spoken debate.
  14. [n]
    Catalan-spoken debate.
  15. [o]
    Catalan-spoken Balearic Islands-specific debate.
  16. [p]
    Within Sumar.
  17. [q]
    Alternative projection based on raw CIS data.
  18. [r]
    Does not include non-resident citizens.

References

Bibliography

External links

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