307th Cavalry Regiment (United States)
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| 307th Cavalry Regiment | |
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| Active |
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| Country | United States |
| Branch | United States Army |
| Type | Cavalry |
| Part of | 62nd Cavalry Division (1921–1942) |
| Garrison/HQ | Richmond, Virginia (1922–1942) |
| Motto | Perseverandum (Persevering) |
| Insignia | |
| Distinctive Unit Insignia |  |
| U.S. Cavalry Regiments | ||||
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The 307th Cavalry Regiment was a cavalry unit of the United States Army during World War I and the interwar period. It was activated in early 1918 but broken up in the middle of the year to form new artillery units. The unit was recreated as a Virginia Organized Reserve unit during the interwar period, and was converted into a tank destroyer battalion shortly after the United States entered World War II.
Shortly after the United States entered World War I, the regiment was constituted on 18 May 1917 in the National Army, and organized in February 1918 at Camp Del Rio, Texas. However, it was broken up on 17 August 1918 and its men were used to create the 51st and 55th Field Artillery Regiments, and the 27th Trench Mortar Battery. The 51st and 55th Field Artillery were demobilized on 8 February 1919 at Fort Sill, and the 27th Battery followed two days later at Camp Bowie.[1][2]
On 15 October 1921, the 51st and 55th Field Artillery and the 27th Battery were reconstituted as the 307th Cavalry, part of the 154th Cavalry Brigade of the new 62nd Cavalry Division in the Organized Reserve.[3] On 6 March 1922, the regiment was initiated with its headquarters in Richmond, Virginia. Its 1st Squadron was located at Richmond and its 2nd Squadron at Norfolk. On 1 July 1929, a 3rd Squadron and Machine Gun Troop at Norfolk were added to the regiment with personnel from the disbanded 154th Machine Gun Squadron.[2]
The 307th usually held its Inactive Training Period meetings at the Parcel Post Building in Richmond, while 3rd Squadron held the meetings at Norfolk's Post Office Building. The regiment conducted regular equestrian training on the horses of Richmond's Deep Run Hunt Club and summer training with the 3rd Cavalry Regiment at Fort Myer and Fort Belvoir. As an alternative summer training program, the 307th held cavalry Citizens' Military Training Camp training at Fort Myer, and its primary ROTC feeder school was the Virginia Military Institute.[4] Its designated mobilization training station was the York Concentration Area in Pennsylvania.[2]
After the Attack on Pearl Harbor resulted in the American entry into World War II, it was converted into the 65th Tank Destroyer Battalion on 30 January 1942.[1] The battalion was disbanded on 11 November 1944.[2]