Agency for Defense Policy and Technology Development

On 24 August 1967, Suharto signed Presidential Decision No. 132/1967 (On Changes in Organization Fundamentals and Procedures in Field of Defense and Security). The decision reorganized the Republic of Indonesia Armed Forces. It was decided to form a military research institute within the Armed Forces, Defense and Security Research and Development Institute (Indonesian: Lembaga Penelitian and Pengembangan Pertahanan dan Keamanan, Lalitbanghankam). Lalitbanghankam was placed under the Armed Forces HQ.^[6] However, due to communication and command issues at that time due to Armed Forces and Department of Defense and Security were not integrated, Suharto later signed Presidential Decision No. 79/1969 on 4 October 1969, which amend the previous decision. The new decision combined the Department of Defense and Security with Armed Forces by stating that Armed Forces is organic part of Department of Defense and Security and core of National Defense and Security System formulated by Suharto. As result, Lalitbanghankam effectively integrated to Department of Defense and Security and become Research and Development Center (Indonesian: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan, Puslitbang) under the Department of Defense and Security. On 18 February 1974, the Puslitbang become Research and Development Center for Defense and Security (Indonesian: Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertahanan dan Keamanan, Puslitbang Hankam).^[6]

By passage of the Law No. 20/1982 (On State Defense and Security Fundamentals), the law reformed Department of Defense and Security/Republic of Indonesia Armed Forces by liquidating and reorganizing organization of the institution. Puslitbang Hankam was reorganized by the law. On 5 October 1983, Puslitbang Hankam fused with elements from Bureau of Data Collection and Processing (Indonesian: Biro Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data, Biro Pullahta) of Department of Defense and Security General Secretariat into a new agency, Agency for Industrial and Technology Research and Development of Department of Defense and Security (Indonesian: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri dan Teknologi Departemen Pertahanan dan Keamanan, BPPIT Dephankam). BPPIT Dephankam was placed under Department of Defense and Security.^[6]

BPPIT Dephankam was operated for next 16 years. On 26 October 1999, Abdurrachman Wahid, issued Presidential Decision No. 355/M/1999 on inauguration of his cabinet. His cabinet separated Armed Forces and Department of Defense.^[6] The "Security" part was separated from the then Department of Defense name, likely to erase the uneasiness from memory of Suharto's New Order regime. Thus, BPPIT Dephankam become Agency for Industrial and Technology Research and Development of Department of Defense (Indonesian: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri dan Teknologi Departemen Pertahanan, BPPIT Dephan). BPPIT Dephan later renamed to Agency Research and Development of Department of Defense (Indonesian: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Departemen Pertahanan, Balitbang Dephan) on 23 August 2000.^[6][7]

With issuance of Presidential Decree No. 47/2009 by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on standardization of ministry names, "Department" word ditched and replaced with "Ministry". While the ministry now named Ministry of Defense, the agency now named Defense Research and Development Agency (Indonesian: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kementerian Pertahanan, lit. 'Ministry of Defense Research and Development Agency', Balitbang Kemhan or Balitbanghan).^[6]

Balitbanghan was operated until 2022, until finally the agency was also targeted to be liquidated by Indonesian government in favor of National Research and Innovation Agency (Indonesian: Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN). In January 2022, BRIN decided only focused in research on civilian affairs for flexibility and easiness to get partner in research collaborations. Research in military affairs and defense and security affairs decided to be left out due to critical position and national security interests and reasons. As the result, only Balitbanghan that left out from the integration of ministerial research and development agencies into BRIN, although part of the researchers transferred into BRIN. The decision also left research and development agencies under Indonesian National Armed Forces not to be integrated. The decision also led into various units and research formerly owned by LAPAN and BPPT which focused on military research and defense and security affairs being left out and relinquished to Ministry of Defense.^[8][9]

There was a proposed plan to form Defense Acquisition Institute (Indonesian: Lembaga Akuisisi Pertahanan), a military counterpart of BRIN, which intended to integrate all military research and development agencies in response of the decision.^[8] On 2 March 2022, Ministry of Defense and BRIN signed the MoU for research collaboration to bridge and closing the gap between military and civilian researchers.^[9] While the MoU was signed, on 17 June 2022, the formation of such agency came into fruition with formation of BPKTP thru Presidential Decree No. 94/2022.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

On 2 February 2023, Air Marshal Hendrikus Haris Haryanto appointed as the first Head of the BPKTP. He replaced Air Vice Marshal Julexi Tambayong, the last Head of Balitbanghan. Air Marshal Hendrikus Haris Haryanto is former military aide-de-camp of the Vice President Boediono.^[10][11]

Following the Ministry of Defense Decree No. 1/2024, the full structure of BPKTP is as follows:^[12]

• Office of the Head of BPKTP
• Office of the Secretary of BPKTP
  • Division of Program and Reporting
  • Division of Information, Archive and Administration
  • Division of General Affairs
  • Division of Defense Policies Development Administration
• Policies Development Center for Defense Strategy
  • Strategic Environment Division
    • Sub-division of Domestic Affairs
    • Sub-division of Foreign Affairs
  • Doctrine, Systems, and Methods Division
    • Sub-division of Doctrine
    • Sub-division of Systems and Methods
  • Regional Defense Division
    • Sub-division of Defense Area
    • Sub-division of Spatial Defense
• Policies Development Center for Defense Resource
  • Human Resource Development Division
    • Sub-division of Main Components
    • Sub-division of Reserve Components
  • Natural and Artificial Resource Division
    • Sub-division of Natural Resources
    • Sub-division of Artificial Resources
  • Facilities and Infrastructures Division
    • Sub-division of Military Facilities and Infrastructures
    • Sub-division of Non-military Facilities and Infrastructures
• Center for Defense Science and Technology Development
  • Mobilization Capabilities Division
    • Sub-division of Main Equipment
    • Sub-division of Supporting Equipment
  • Offensive Capabilities Division
    • Sub-division of Weaponry System Main Equipment
    • Sub-division of Supporting Equipment
  • Logistic, Information Technology, and Communication Division
    • Sub-division of Logistic
    • Sub-division of information Technology and Communication
• Center for Defense Equipment Development
  • Army Division
    • Sub-division of Army Main Equipment
    • Sub-division of Army Non-Main Equipment
  • Naval Division
    • Sub-division of Naval Main Equipment
    • Sub-division of Naval Non-Main Equipment
  • Air Force Division
    • Sub-division of Air Force Main Equipment
    • Sub-division of Air Force Non-Main Equipment