Aincille
Commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Aincille (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃sil];[3] Basque: Aintzilla; Occitan: Esbelh)[4] is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.
Aincille
Aintzilla | |
|---|---|
A House in Aincille | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Aincille | |
  Aincille  Aincille | |
| Coordinates: 43°08′44″N 1°11′38″W | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne |
| Canton | Montagne Basque |
| Intercommunality | Pays Basque |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Gilbert Oçafrain[1] |
Area 1 | 6.26 km2 (2.42 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 117 |
| • Density | 18.7/km2 (48.4/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 64011 /64220 |
| Elevation | 198–755 m (650–2,477 ft) (avg. 240 m or 790 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Geography
Location
The town is part of Cize Country in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre.
It is located some 50 km south-east of Bayonne and 5 km southeast of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port.
Access
The commune can be accessed by the D401 road from Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port in the northwest to the village. From the village the D118 road goes north to join the D18 highway.[5]
Hydrography
Located in the drainage basin of the Adour, the northeastern border of the commune is marked by the Laurhibar river, which flows north to join the Nive north of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port. A stream rises near the village and flows to the Laurhibar in the north-east. The Urtchipea rises in the south of the commune and flows northwest gathering many tributaries and joins the Nive de Beherobie at Saint-Michel. The Sassitako erreka rises southwest of the village and flows northwest joining the Laurhibar east of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port.
Localities and hamlets
- Ahadoa
- Aïntzilsarria
- Bassaburua
- Bentaberria
- Berho
- Chiramberroa
- Esconda
- Etcheverrigaraya
- Gamaberria
- Goyhenetchéa
- Handiague
- Harchilo
- Jaureguia
- Oilloquy
- Pagola
- Sahaby
- Sotalda
Toponymy
The commune name in basque is Aintzila meaning "hill of mud",[6] Aintzila[7] or Aintzil-Harrieta.[8]
Jean-Baptiste Orpustan wrote the name of the commune in the form Aïncille. He also indicated that in Basque the inhabitants are referred to as Aintzildar.[7]
The following table details the origins of the commune name.
| Name | Spelling | Date | Source | Page | Origin | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aincille | Aincibiu | 1264 | Mérimée | Village | ||
| Aincibiu | 1309 | Orpustan | ||||
| Ancivil | 1291 | Orpustan | ||||
| Ancivil | 1292 | Mérimée | ||||
| Ancil | 1304 | Mérimée | ||||
| Ancil | 1344 | Orpustan | ||||
| Ançill | 1307 | Mérimée | ||||
| Ançill | 1307 | Orpustan | ||||
| Ancibiu | 1350 | Mérimée | ||||
| Ancibiu | 1350 | Orpustan | ||||
| Aincile | 18th century | Raymond | 4 | Intendance | ||
| Ancille | 1801 | Cassini | Bulletin des lois |
Sources:
- Mérimée: Presentation of the Commune of Aincille on the Ministry of Culture website[6]
- Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy[7]
- Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)[9]
- Cassini: Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Aincille, EHESS (in French).
Origins:
- Intendance: Intendance of Pau[10]
History
Part of Aincille territory next to the communes of Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan, Bustince-Iriberry, Çaro, Lecumberry, Mendive, Saint-Jean-le-Vieux, and Saint-Michel, was taken on 11 June 1842 to form of the commune of Estérençuby.[11]
Heraldry
|
Blazon: Quarterly, first Azure a bridge of Or masoned in sable debruised over a wave of argent in base, in chief 3 stars the same arranged in fesse; second of Or with an eagle displayed in sable; three vert a cow of Or collared and belled in azure posed in base surmounted by a sheep of argent horned in Or; fourth azure with a church in Or in profile roofed the same extended at dexter with a porch abased and surmounted at dexter by a belltower and steeple the same supporting a cross in sable, windows and doors the same..
|
Administration
List of Successive Mayors of Aincille[12]
| From | To | Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 2008 | Jean Françaistéguy |
| 2008 | 2026 | Gilbert Oçafrain |
Inter-communality
The commune belongs to six intercommunal structures:
- the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
- the AEP association of Ainhice
- the energy association for Pyrenees-Atlantiques
- the intercommunal association for the development and management of the slaughterhouse at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
- the joint association for the watershed of the Nive
- the association to support Basque culture.
Population
Economy
The town is part of the production area of Irouléguy AOC and the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.
Economic activity is mainly agricultural.
Aincille had long received saline (saline of Ugarré) since the 17th century and had the distinction of being a corporation with ownership of twenty-nine old houses of the town[15] and was reunited with the royal domain in 1683.
Culture and heritage
Languages
According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte, the dialect of Basque spoken in Aincille is Eastern Low Navarrese.
Civil heritage
The commune has several sites that are registered as historical monuments:
Religious Heritage
The commune has several religious sites that are registered as historical monuments:
- The Croix de Carrefour (Crossroads Cross) Wayside Cross
[19] - A Cemetery Cross (17th century)[20]
- The Parish Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint John the Baptist (Middle Ages)[21] The church contains two items that are registered as historical objects:
- Church Picture Gallery
Aincille The Main Altar
The Processional Cross
- Stained Glass
Saint Basile
Saint Joachin
Saint Pierre
Saint Anne
