Anna Prieto Sandoval
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Anna Prieto Sandoval | |
|---|---|
| Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation leader | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | May 14, 1934 Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation Reservation |
| Died | October 28, 2010 (aged 76) Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation Reservation |
| Children | Five children |
| Known for | Native American gaming pioneer who improved housing and helped lift her reservation out of poverty |
| Awards | Inducted into the San Diego Women's Hall Of Fame, 2010 |
Anna Prieto Sandoval (May 14, 1934 – October 28, 2010) was an American leader of the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation of Southern California and a Native American gaming enterprises pioneer.[1] She is credited with lifting the Sycuan Band reservation, which was plagued by poverty and substandard housing, to self-sufficiency by pioneering casino gambling on the reservation.[1]
Sandoval was born on May 14, 1934, on the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation reservation.[1] She grew up speaking the Kumeyaay language as her first language.[2] Her mother, Ada Prieto, was also born on the Sycuan reservation.[2] Sandoval attended Dehesa Elementary and Grossmont High School in El Cajon, California.[2]
Sandoval was married twice and raised five children.[1] Her first marriage, which occurred in 1953, ended in divorce.[2] She attended Grossmont College in El Cajon after raising her children.[1] Sandoval later taught the Kumeyaay language at San Diego State University.[1]
Leadership
Sandoval became the chairwoman of the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation in 1972.[2] In 1972, the year she took office, none of the eighty Sycuan members who resided on the reservation had full-time employment.[1] The housing on the reservation lacked indoor plumbing, with a small meeting hall and a deteriorating one-hundred-year-old Catholic Church.[1] Most structures on the reservation were dilapidated.[1]
After the state of California allowed Native American tribes to open gambling operations, Sandoval was approached by Pan American International, which operated a Seminole bingo hall in Florida at the time, with a proposal to open a bingo hall on Sycuan land.[1] Sandoval then spearheaded the Sycuan Band's transition from poverty. She overcame initial resistance from the Sycuan tribal council regarding the idea of opening a bingo hall on reservation land.[2] Members were concerned about potential pollution and large numbers of people swamping the small reservation.[1]
Sandoval opened the Sycuan Bingo Palace in 1983 after several years of preparation and negotiations.[2] The new operation quickly grossed higher revenues and profits than initially expected.[1][2]
In 1987, Sandoval and the Sycuan Band broke away from Pan American International and began to run the Sycuan Bingo Palace independently.[1] Under Sandoval, the tribe constructed a new 68,000-square-foot (6,300 m2) casino, which opened to the public in 1990.[1] The Sycuan Band used the revenues from the casino to build new facilities on the reservation, including a new fire station, church and clinic.[1] Unemployment, which had been rampant on the reservation before gaming, became nonexistent and the Sycuan Band of the Kumeyaay Nation became one of the wealthiest tribes in the United States.[1] The Sycuan Band also became one of the largest employers in San Diego County.[1] Likewise, Sandoval became one of the wealthiest Native Americans in California due to the windfall from the casino.[1]