Antocha

Larvae of the aquatic genus Antocha are primarily detritivorous, feeding on organic particles within silken tubes constructed on submerged rocks in flowing water. Unlike related genera such as Geranomyia, Antocha larvae lack posterior spiracles and instead respire cutaneously, absorbing oxygen directly through their rheophilic habitat.^[1] The larvae of Antocha saxicola are abundant in fast-flowing streams and rivers of eastern North America, typically inhabiting partially submerged rocks. Adult females often aggregate along the waterline to lay eggs on algae-covered surfaces. Species within this genus are particularly sensitive to changes in river flow, and climate change–driven alterations, such as increased frequency or intensity of floods, can reduce larval density and overall population productivity. For example, unusually strong floods in the Shinano River basin in Japan caused a substantial decline in crane fly secondary production, stressing the vulnerability of these insects to hydrological extremes.^[2]

• "Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (Diptera, Tipuloidea: Pediciidae, Limoniidae, Cylindrotomidae, Tipulidae)". Naturalis Biodiversity Center.