Antonina Grégoire
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January 23, 1914
Antonina Grégoire | |
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| Born | Antoinette Grégoire January 23, 1914 |
| Died | July 21, 1952 (aged 38) |
| Occupations | business engineer, feminist, communist, resistance fighter |
Antonina Grégoire (23 January 1914 – 21 July 1952) was a Belgian business engineer, feminist and communist. She joined the Belgian Partisans Armés resistance during the Second World War, and ran an intelligence gathering section, then post war became involved in politics before being expelled from the Communist Party because of her "bourgeois origins".
Antoinette Grégoire (known as Antonina) was born in Brussels on 23 January 1914 into a well-to-do family.[1]
Grégoire was one of the first women to study business engineering (les études d'ingénieur commercial) at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) where, in addition to her studies, she was heavily involved in student life. She was president of the General Assembly of Women Students in 1935 and vice-president of the Cercle du Libre-Examen, whose mission is to promote the values of free examination, advocating the rejection of authority in matters of knowledge and freedom of judgment. In this capacity, she led the General Assembly of Students to take a stand against measures which limited the work of married women, inspired by feminist teacher and biologist Germaine Hannevart. She was also a member of the student marxist group.[1][2][3]
It was at ULB that she met and formed a lasting friendship with lawyer and later Resistance member, Andrée Grandjean.[1] Grégoire graduated as a business engineer in 1935.[1]
Spanish Civil War and political activity
During the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Grégoire took a stand in favour of the Republicans and joined the Comité mondial des femmes contre la guerre et le fascisme (Women’s World Committee Against War and Fascism), one of around 2000 Belgian members.[4] She became a member of the Parti communiste belge (Belgian Communist Party) and married the communist lawyer Jean Bastien (1901-1944) on his return from Spain in 1937.[1][5]
She was active in International Red Aid, for which she carried out several missions. In 1938, with her friend Andrée Grandjean, she visited political prisoners incarcerated in the Moabit prison in Berlin, including Liselotte Herrmann, a German anti-Nazi activist sentenced to death. They tried in vain to meet Heinrich Himmler.[1][6]
Grégoire joined the Belgian Banking Commission in 1938.[1]