Apovitellenin-1
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| Apo-VLDL-II | |||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Apo-VLDL-II | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF05418 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR008404 | ||||||||
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In molecular biology, apovitellenin-1 is a family of proteins found in birds. As part of the avian reproductive effort, large quantities of triglyceride-rich very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles are transported by receptor-mediated endocytosis into the female germ cells, apovitellenin-1 is a protein component of this VLDL. Although the oocytes are surrounded by a layer of granulosa cells harbouring high levels of active lipoprotein lipase, non-lipolysed VLDL is transported into the yolk. This is because the VLDL particles are protected from lipolysis by apovitellenin-1a, which acts as a potent dimeric lipoprotein lipase inhibitor.[1] Apo-VLDL-II is produced in the liver and secreted into the blood stream when induced by estrogen production in female birds.