Ariyalur Group
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Geological group in Southern India
| Ariyalaur Group | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Late Cretaceous to Palaeogene (Paleocene) (Campanian to Danian) ~82–65.5 Ma | |
| Type | Geological group |
| Sub-units | Sillakkudi formation, Kallakurichi Formation, Ottakovil formation, Kallamedu Formation |
| Underlies | Niniyur Formation |
| Overlies | Anaipadi Formation, Trichinopoly Group |
| Location | |
| Country | India |
  Ariyalur Group (India) Show map of India Ariyalur Group (Tamil Nadu) Show map of Tamil Nadu | |
The Ariyalaur Group is a geological group in Tamil Nadu in Southern India.[1][2]
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Dinosaurs from the Ariyalaur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Abelisauridae indet.[3] | "Disassociated remains" and teeth. | Kallamedu formation | |||
| Carnosauria indet.?[4] | "Fragmentary remains". | Carnosauria was often used as a wastebasket taxon. | Kallamedu formation | ||
| Troodontidae indet.[3] | One isolated tooth (DUGF/52). | Kallamedu formation | |||
| Bruhathkayosaurus[4][5] | B. matleyi | ilium and ischium, femur, tibia, radius and part of a vertebra (specifically a platycoelous caudal centrum). Remains no longer exist. | Initially described as a Theropod, it was reclassified as a Titanosaur. | Kallamedu formation |  |
| Sauropoda | Indeterminate.[6][7] | "Fragmentary remains". | Kallamedu formation | ||
| Titanosauria | Indeterminate.[8] | Solitary egg. | Kallamedu formation | ||
| Titanosauria | Indeterminate.[9] | Ten large sauropod bones, some of which could be identified as a humerus or femur, proximal end of a femur and scapula. All the bones pertain to the limbs. | Similar in size to Bruhathkayosaurus.[5] | Kallamedu formation | |
| Fusioolithus[8] | F. baghensis | Dinosaur eggs. | Kallamedu formation | ||
| ?Camarasauridae[10] | Indeterminate. | Vertebrae. | Camarasaurids are not known from the cretaceous. | Kallamedu formation | |
| ?Stegosauria[11] | Indeterminate. | Misinterpreted sauropod bone. | Other more plausible Stegosaur material is known from Cretaceous India. | Kallamedu formation | |
| Sauropoda | Sauropoda indet.[5] | "Scant remains". | |||
| Stegosauria | Stegosauria indet.[5] | ||||
| Theropoda | Theropoda indet.[5] | "Scant remains". | |||
| Theropoda[12] | indet. | A Theropod. | Kallankurichchi formation | ||
| ?Titanosaurus[12] | T. indicus | A dubious genus of titanosaurian sauropod. | Kallakurichi Formation |
 | |
| Megaloolithus[13] | M. cylindricus | Fossilised eggs. | A Sauropod Oogenus. | Kallakurichi Formation |
 The holotype of Sanajeh preserved with Megaloolithus |
| Stegosauridae[12] | Stegosauridae indet | A Stegosaurid. | Kallakurichi Formation | ||
| Molluscs from the Ariyalaur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Inoceramus[5] | I. sp. | Sillakkudi formation |
,_exposition_Un_T-Rex_à_Paris,_Muséum_national_d'histoire_naturelle.jpg) | ||
| Karapadites[5] | K. karapadense | Sillakkudi formation | |||
| Inoceramus[14] | I. bulbus | A clam. | Kallakurichi formation | ||
| I. tamulicus | Kallakurichi formation | ||||
| Pycnodonta[14] | P. vesicularis | A clam. | Kallakurichi formation | ||
| Ostrea (Alectryonia)[14] | sp. | A clam. | Kallakurichi formation |  | |
| Anisomyon[14] | A. indicus | A snail. | Kallakurichi formation |
_(14783910965).jpg) | |
| Foraminiferas from the Ariyalaur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images | |
| Globotruncana | G. arca[5] | Sillakkudi formation |  | ||
| G. ventricosa[5] | Sillakkudi formation | ||||
| G. elevata[5] | Sillakkudi formation | ||||
| Sea Urchins from the Ariyalaur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Member | Notes | Images |
| Hemipneustes | H. compressus[15] | Kallakurichi Formation |
 | ||
| Rhynchonellatans from the Ariyalaur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Rectithyris | R. subdepressa[14] | Kallakurichi Formation | |||
| Rhynchonella | R. sp.[14] | Kallakurichi Formation |
 | ||
| Brachiopods from the Ariyalaur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Gyrodina | G. globosa[14] | Kallakurichi Formation | |||
| Neobulimina | N. sp.[14] | Kallakurichi Formation | |||
| Arthropods from the Ariyalur group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Thalassinoides | T. sp.[5] | An ichnofossil made by decapod crustaceans, or fish | Ottakovil Formation |
.jpg) | |
| Ophiomorpha | O. sp.[5] | Made by burrowing arthropods | Ottakovil Formation |
 | |
References
- ↑ Bakkiaraj, D.; Nagendra, R.; Nagarajan, R.; Armstrong-Altrin, John S. (2010). "Geochemistry of sandstones from the Upper Cretaceous Sillakkudi Formation, Cauvery Basin, southern India: Implication for provenance". Journal of the Geological Society of India. 76 (5): 453–467. Bibcode:2010JGSI...76..453B. doi:10.1007/s12594-010-0128-3. hdl:20.500.11937/18718. ISSN 0016-7622.
- ↑ Banerji, Ranjit K. (1966-06-01). "The Genus Globotruncana and Biostratigraphy of the Lower Ariyalur Stage (upper Cretaceous) of Vridhachalam, South India". Journal of the Geological Society of India. 7 (1): 51–69. doi:10.17491/jgsi/1966/070111. ISSN 0974-6889.
- 1 2 Goswami, A.; Prasad, G. V. R.; Verma, O.; Flynn, J. J.; Benson, R. B. J. (2013). "A troodontid dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of India". Nature Communications. 4: 1703. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1703G. doi:10.1038/ncomms2716. PMID 23591870.
- 1 2 Yadagiri, P. and Ayyasami, K. (1987). "A carnosaurian dinosaur from the Kallamedu Formation (Maestrichtian horizon), Tamilnadu." In M.V.A. Sastry, V.V. Sastry, C.G.K. Ramanujam, H.M. Kapoor, B.R. Jagannatha Rao, P.P. Satsangi, and U.B. Mathur (eds.), Three Decades of Development in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy in India. Volume 1. Precambrian to Mesozoic. Geological Society of India Special Publication, 11(1): 523–528.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Pal, Saurabh; Ayyasami, Krishnan (May 2022). "The lost titan of Cauvery". Geology Today. 38 (3): 112–116. Bibcode:2022GeolT..38..112P. doi:10.1111/gto.12390. ISSN 0266-6979.
- ↑ R. Lydekker. (1877). Notices of new and other Vertebrata from Indian Tertiary and Secondary rocks. Records of the Geological Survey of India 10(1):30–43
- ↑ C. R. Narayana Rao and L. Rama Rao. 1930. The limb bones of a sauropodous dinosaur. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, Allahabad 17:330.
- 1 2 Dhiman, Harsha; Prasad, Guntupalli V. R.; Goswami, Anjali (2018). "Parataxonomy and palaeobiogeographic significance of dinosaur eggshell fragments from the Upper Cretaceous strata of the Cauvery Basin, South India". Historical Biology: 1–13. doi:10.1080/08912963.2018.1450408. S2CID 89969203.
- ↑ Matley, 1929. "The Cretaceous Dinosaurs of the Trichinopoly district and the rocks associated with them". Records of the Geological Survey of India. Vol. 61 (4):337-349.
- ↑ C. R. Narayana Rao and L. Rama Rao. 1930. Some dinosaurian vertebrae. Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress, Allahabad 17:329.
- ↑ Peter M. Galton; Krishnan Ayyasami (2017). "Purported latest bone of a plated dinosaur (Ornithischia: Stegosauria), a "dermal plate" from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of southern India". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 285 (1): 91–96. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2017/0671.
- 1 2 3 Weishampel, et al. (2004). The Dinosauria. Second Edition. p. 680.
- ↑ Kohring et al., 1996[incomplete short citation]
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ayyasami, 1989[incomplete short citation]
- ↑ Aziz & Badve, 1990[incomplete short citation]