Astrobrachion adhaerens
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| Astrobrachion adhaerens | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Ophiuroidea |
| Order: | Phrynophiurida |
| Family: | Euryalidae |
| Genus: | Astrobrachion |
| Species: | A. adhaerens |
| Binomial name | |
| Astrobrachion adhaerens (Studer, 1884)[1] | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Astrobrachion adhaerens is a basket star in the Euryalidae family. Along with A. constrictum, it is one of only two species in the genus Astrobrachion. Both species live in association with soft corals in moderately deep water. It is endemic to the west, north and east coasts of Australia, the Kermadec Islands and Lord Howe Island.[2]
Euryalids are the least well known ophiuroids.[3] There is even lesser knowledge about A. adhaerens available. However it is closely related to its only sister species, A. constrictum, and information about this species and the family as a whole can provide insight into the anatomy, morphology, reproduction, and suspension feeding habits of A. adhaerens.[4]
The taxonomy and phylogeny of species in the order Euryalida and class Ophiuroidea has been ambiguous and continues to be investigated.[5][6]
Euryalid fossils date back to strata as young as Cretaceous and Neogene. In the past, the ophiuroids were classified as either euryalids or non-euryalids due to stark morphological differences.[5]
Increased study in the areas of ophiuroid and euryalid historical morphology have revealed that Euryalids diverged from Ophiurids during the Triassic period, explaining why its ancestors shared some of the morphologies of the class Ophiuroidea.[5]
Distribution and habitat
The genus Astrobrachion was first identified in New Zealand. Sister genera were identified in the Caribbean and Philippines.[7]
Astrobrachion adhaerens is found in the tropical regions of Australia, ranging from Albany, Western Australia and the northern Australian coast to New South Wales, Lord Howe Island and the Kermadec Islands. The species is allopatric except at Lord Howe Island.[8]
Basket stars are found to reside on soft, cold water-corals such as the Nephtheidae soft corals at depths ranging from 25m to 1317m, especially on the Labrador, Newfoundland and Baffin Bay shelves. However low relative co-occurrence ranges (4%-54%) suggest that soft corals are not a necessary basket star habitat.[9]