Battle of Andernach (876)

Charles then tried to conquer the territory on the left bank of the river Rhine. On 8 October 876, this campaign culminated in the battle on a plain near Andernach which resulted in a decisive victory for Louis and stopped all further efforts of Charles to conquer Middle Francia. Charles had to flee to Italy and died almost exactly a year after the battle in Avrieux, Savoy. Among the casualties of the battle were Counts Jerome and Raganar (Reginar) slain, and, as captives, Count Adalard, Count Bernard "Hairypaws", and Gauzlin, Bishop of Paris.^[1]

As a result of the battle, Andernach and the Rhineland remained part of East Francia and the Holy Roman Empire into which East Francia later evolved. The border remained almost unchanged until the late Middle Ages. In the Treaty of Ribemont, concluded by Louis the Younger and Charles' grandsons Louis III of France and Carloman of France in 880, East Francia also gained the western part of Middle Francia, including the mouths of the rivers Rhine, Maas and Scheldt and the cities Metz, Sedan, Strasbourg, Toul, Verdun, Cambrai and Antwerp.

• Janet L. Nelson: Charles the Bald. Longman Publisher, London, 1992. ISBN 0-582-05585-7, 0-582-05584-9
• Janet L. Nelson (Translator), The Annals of St-Bertin, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1991, pp. 196–197. ^{[ISBN missing]}