Beatriz Pinheiro or Beatriz Paes Pinheiro de Lemos (1871 – 1922) was a Portuguese writer concerned with improving the rights of women. She was a pacifist who became convinced that Portugal should fight in the First World War.
Portuguese Women and the European War - 1916
Pinheiro was born in Viseu in central Portugal in 1871.
She and the poet Carlos de Lemos published an arts magazine in Viseu named Ave Azul ("Bluebird") which ran for twelve issues in 1899 and 1900.[1] In the magazine they published revolutionary ideas about the rights of women. They thought that a woman should be able to create a dignified life for herself without the need of a man. She called on readers to champion the rights of women to compete in education on an equal footing with men and to gain their right to equal civil and political equality. She lauded Alice Pestana's Portuguese League for Peace founded in 1899. Pinheiro believed that educated women could contribute to creating world peace. These were revolutionary ideas. Pestana was also publishing her ideas but under a nom de plume of Cil in the newspaper Vanguardia.[2]
During the First World War on 8 June 1916 she held a conference at Liceu Maria Pia where she was teaching.[3] As a result she published A Mulher Portuguêsa e a Guerra Europeia (Portuguese Women and the European War).[4] This was a defining moment as Pinheiro who was a known pacifist and radical, defended Portugal's participation in World War I.[3]
