Black Cat Tavern

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Location3909 W Sunset Blvd
Coordinates34°05′32″N 118°16′47″W / 34.0921°N 118.2798°W / 34.0921; -118.2798
Built1939
Architectural styleArt Deco
Black Cat Tavern
Location3909 W Sunset Blvd
Coordinates34°05′32″N 118°16′47″W / 34.0921°N 118.2798°W / 34.0921; -118.2798
Built1939
Architectural styleArt Deco
Governing bodyprivate
Designated2008[1][2]
Reference no.939
Black Cat Tavern is located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Black Cat Tavern
Location of Black Cat Tavern in the Los Angeles metropolitan area

The Black Cat Tavern is a historic gay bar located in the Silver Lake neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. In 1967, it was the site of one of the first demonstrations in the United States protesting police brutality against LGBT people, preceding the Stonewall riots by more than two years.[3]

The bar was established in November 1966, in a two-unit building shared with a laundromat and was known for a primarily blue-collar or working-class clientele.[4]

On January 1, 1967, at the bar's New Year's Eve celebration, several plainclothes Los Angeles Police Department officers infiltrated the tavern.[5]

According to local gay newspaper Tangents, "the Black Cat was happy and hopping" before undercover police arrived and started beating patrons as they were ringing in the New Year: "There were colored balloons covering the ceiling ... and three glittering Christmas trees."[6] Moments later, "all hell broke loose."[6] After arresting several patrons for kissing as they celebrated the occasion,[7] the undercover police officers began beating several of the patrons[8] and ultimately arrested fourteen patrons for "assault and public lewdness".[9] Two bartenders were beaten unconscious.[10] Two patrons fled to another gay bar, New Faces, but they were followed by police and arrested. The officers mistook the manager, a woman named Lee Roy, for a man (named "Leroy") wearing a dress, and beat her severely.[11]

A look inside the Black Cat.

Contrary to popular myth, there was not a riot at the Black Cat, but a civil demonstration of 200 attendees to protest the raids was held on February 11, 1967. Demonstrators used "secret phone trees to organize the event" which led to hundreds of people demonstrating and coming to the event.[12] The demonstration was organized by a group called PRIDE (Personal Rights in Defense and Education), founded by Steve Ginsberg, and the SCCRH (Southern California Council on Religion and Homophile).[9] The protest was met by squadrons of armed policemen.[5] Demonstrators carefully adhered to all laws and ordinances so that the police had no legitimate reasons to make arrests.[11] The event was the first organized public LGBTQ protest in Los Angeles, and one of the earliest and largest in the country.[11] This occurred during the governorship of Ronald Reagan, under which police brutality was systemic.[11]

Two of the men arrested for kissing were later convicted under California Penal Code Section 647 and registered as sex offenders.[9] The men appealed, asserting their right of equal protection under the law, but the U.S. Supreme Court did not accept their case.[3] However, there were fundraising efforts that reached New York and San Francisco for the six convicted patrons, including Benny Baker and Charles Talley.

The Black Cat's entertainment and liquor licenses were suspended, and the business closed on May 21, 1967, after the state liquor board rejected its appeal.[13]

Legacy

Present day

Footnotes

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