Boethus of Sidon (Stoic)

He is said to have denied, contrary to the standard Stoic view, that the cosmos is an animate being,^[1] and he suggested that it was not the whole world which was divine, but only the ether or sphere of the fixed stars.^[2] He argued that the world was eternal,^[3] in particular, he rejected the Stoic conflagration (ekpyrosis) because god or the World-Soul would be inactive during it, whereas it exercises Divine Providence in the actual world.

Among his works was one On Nature,^[2] and one On Fate.^[4] He wrote a commentary on the works of Aratus in at least four volumes.^[5]