Bolshaya Izhora
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bolshaya Izhora
Большая Ижора Haisevaisi | |
|---|---|
 Interactive map of Bolshaya Izhora | |
  Bolshaya Izhora Location of Bolshaya Izhora  Bolshaya Izhora Bolshaya Izhora (Leningrad Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 59°56′40″N 29°34′30″E / 59.94444°N 29.57500°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Leningrad Oblast |
| Administrative district | Lomonosovsky District[1] |
| Urban-type settlement status since | August 27, 1939[2] |
| Elevation | 8 m (26 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 3,314 |
• Estimate (2024) | 2,524 (−23.8%) |
| • Municipal district | Lomonosovsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Bolsheizhorskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Bolsheizhorskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code[6] | 188531 |
| OKTMO ID | 41630154051 |
Bolshaya Izhora (Russian: Больша́я Ижо́ра, Finnish: Haisevaisi[7]) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Lomonosovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland. It is adjacent from the west to Saint Petersburg. Population: 3,314 (2010 census);[3] 3,831 (2002 census);[8] 3,967 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
Bolshaya Izhora was established as a merger of several settlements: the selo of Bolshaya Izhora, the village of Sagomilye, and two suburban settlements, Primorsky Khutor and Pilnaya. The oldest of them (Pilnaya) was known since the 17th century, when a mill and a sawmill were in operation. In 1774, the Pilnaya Estate was built by Anastasiya Bibikova, the widow of general Alexander Ilyich Bibikov. Eventually, her son, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Bibikov, also a military officer, inherited the estate. The lands around Bolshaya Izhora originally belonged to Alexander Menshikov, and in the 19th century for some time to Grand Duke Michael, a brother of Tsar Nicholas I. The area remained largely unpopulated until the railway was opened in 1864. In the beginning of the 20th century, Bolshaya Izhora was a popular summer holiday destination. Until 1918, it had boat connections with Kronstadt every summer.[10]
In the beginning of the 20th century, Bolshaya Izhora was a part of Petergofsky Uyezds of Saint Petersburg Governorate, with the center in Petergof. The governorate was renamed Petrograd in 1914 and Leningrad in 1924. On February 14, 1923 Petergofsky Uyezd was merged with Detskoselsky Uyezd to form Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina.[11] On February 14, 1923 Gatchina was renamed Trotsk, and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after Leon Trotsky.[12]
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Oranienbaumsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Oranienbaum, was established. The governorates were also abolished, and the district was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. Bolshaya Izhora was a part of the district. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On August 27, 1939 Bolshaya Izhora was made an urban-type settlement. Between August 1941 and January 1944 the eastern part of the district, including Bolshaya Izhora, served as a territory, known as Oranienbaum Bridgehead, which protected the city of Leningrad form German troops. On February 23, 1948 the town of Oranienbaum was renamed Lomonosov to commemorate Mikhail Lomonosov, and the district was renamed Lomonosovsky.[2]