Bugei jūhappan
Combat and martial arts technique
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Bugei jūhappan (武芸十八般 "Eighteen Kinds Of Martial Arts") is a selection of combat techniques and martial arts used by the samurai of Tokugawa-era Japan.[1] Established by Hirayama Gyozo, the concept is based on earlier Chinese traditions, such as Eighteen Arms of Wushu.[2][3]
Eighteen arts
The Eighteen Arts consist of native Japanese martial arts techniques and tactics. Within each art, various Ryū developed, with different methods of performing that particular art.[4] Certain Ryū, in turn, influenced the martial arts that were included in the list, Asayama Ichiden-ryū, Kukishin-ryū, Shinden-Fudo-ryū and Tagaki Yoshin-ryū.[5] The exact list varies, but is commonly held to include:
- Kyūjutsu, archery.
- Bajutsu, horseriding.
- Sōjutsu, fighting with a yari (spear).
- Kenjutsu, fencing.
- Suieijutsu, swimming in armour.
- Iaijutsu, sword-drawing.
- Tantōjutsu, knife-fighting.
- Juttejutsu, fighting with a jutte (truncheon).
- Shurikenjutsu, throwing shuriken.
- Fukumibarijutsu, needle-spitting.
- Naginatajutsu, fighting with a polearm, usually a naginata.
- Hōjutsu, shooting (with firearms).
- Hojōjutsu, tying up an opponent.
- Yawara, grappling and fighting unarmed.
- Bōjutsu, fighting with a bō (staff).
- Kusarigamajutsu, fighting with a chain-and-sickle.
- Mōjirijutsu, fighting with a barbed staff.[6][page needed]
- Ninjutsu, espionage.[citation needed]
3. Sōjutsu
4. Kenjutsu
5. Suijutsu
6. Iaijutsu
7. Tantojutsu
8. Jittejutsu
10. Fukumibarijutsu
11. Naginatajutsu
12. Hōjutsu
13. Hojōjutsu
14. Yawara
15. Bōjutsu
16. Kusarigamajutsu
17. Mōjirijutsu
18. Ninjutsu
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Other arts that were often included in the list are:
- Chikujōjutsu, fortifying a castle against siege.
- Yabusame, mounted archery.
- Yadomejutsu, deflecting flying arrows.
- Saiminjutsu, hypnotism.[7]