Butane (data page)

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This page provides supplementary chemical data on n-butane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as eChemPortal, and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

More information Structure and properties ...
Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD 1.3326 at 20 °C[1]
Dielectric constant, εr 1.7697 ε0 at 23 °C[2]
Symmetry group C2h
Magnetic susceptibility ?
Surface tension 12.46 dyn/cm at 20 °C
   P ≈ 225 kPa
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Thermodynamic properties

More information Phase behavior, Solid properties ...
Phase behavior
Density (liquid) 0 °C 600 kg/m³
Density (saturated vapor) 1 atm, -0.5 °C 2.6 kg/m³
Triple point 134.6 K (–138.5 °C), 0.7 Pa
Critical point 425.1 K (152.0 °C), 3796.0 kPa
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusHo		 4.66 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusSo		 34.56 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapHo		 22.44 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapSo		 82.30 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHosolid		 ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid		 ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp ? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHoliquid		 -147.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid		 229.7 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp 132.42 J/(mol K) –262 °C to –3 °C
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfHogas		 –124.7 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas		 310.23 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHo –2877.5 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 98.49 J/(mol K) at 25 °C
n-butane
van der Waals' constants[3]		 a = 1466.2 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.1226 liter per mole
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Liquid and vapor Butane density
The data about butane density over a range of temperature [−50; +50] °C[4]

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg11040100400760152038007600152003040045600
T in °C–101.5–77.8–59.1–44.2–16.3–0.518.850.079.5116.0 — —

n-Butane: Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Vapor pressure of n-butane. From formula: obtained from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

Spectral data

More information UV-Vis, IR ...
UV-Vis
λmax ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε ?
IR
Major absorption bands ? cm−1
NMR
Proton NMR  
Carbon-13 NMR  
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments		  
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References

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