Butea
Genus of legumes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Butea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the pea family, Fabaceae. It includes five species native to the Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Tibet, and southern China.[1] It is sometimes considered to have only two species, B. monosperma and B. superba,[2] or is expanded to include four or five.[3]
| Butea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Butea monosperma flowers in India | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Tribe: | Phaseoleae |
| Genus: | Butea Roxb. ex Willd. (1802), nom. cons. |
| Type species | |
| Butea monosperma | |
| Species[1] | |
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
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Butea monosperma is used for timber, resin, fodder, herbal medicine, and dyeing.
Butea[clarification needed] is also a host to the lac insect, which produces natural lacquer.[4]
Taxonomy
Butea is named after John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (1713-1792), member of parliament, prime minister for one year, and a patron of botany.[5] William Roxburgh erected the genus Butea in 1795, but it became a nomen invalidum. Carl Willdenow validated the name Butea in 1802.
Uses
Species
Forty-two names have been published in Butea,[7] but forty of these are either synonyms or names of species that have been transferred to other genera.[4] Five species are currently accepted.[1]
- Butea buteiformis (Voigt) Grierson (syn. Megalotropis buteiformis, Meizotropis buteiformis) – Himalayas, India, Myanmar, and northern Thailand
- Butea monosperma (Lam.) Kuntze (syn. Butea frondosa, Erythrina monosperma) – flame-of-the-forest, bastard teak, pâlāsh – Indian subcontinent, Indochina, and southern China
- Butea pellita Hook.f. ex Prain – west-central and central Himalayas
- Butea superba Roxb. ex Willd. (syn. Plaso superba, Rudolphia superba) – India, Bangladesh, and Indochina
- Butea xizangensis X.Y.Zhu & Y.F.Du – Tibet
