CHRNA9

Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9, also known as nAChRα9, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHRNA9 gene.^[5] The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of certain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchR).

PDBHuman UniProt search: PDBe RCSB

AliasesCHRNA9, HSA243342, NACHRA9, cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 9 subunit

External IDsOMIM: 605116; MGI: 1202403; HomoloGene: 9729; GeneCards: CHRNA9; OMA:CHRNA9 - orthologs

Chr.Chromosome 4 (human)^[1]

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CHRNA9
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4D01, 4UXU, 4UY2
Identifiers
Aliases	CHRNA9, HSA243342, NACHRA9, cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 9 subunit
External IDs	OMIM: 605116; MGI: 1202403; HomoloGene: 9729; GeneCards: CHRNA9; OMA:CHRNA9 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human)[1] Band 4p14 Start 40,335,333 bp[1] End 40,355,217 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse)[2] Band 5 C3.1|5 33.84 cM Start 66,092,264 bp[2] End 66,134,669 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in testicle gonad human penis olfactory zone of nasal mucosa right uterine tube tibialis anterior muscle bronchial epithelial cell vulva skin of limb skin of leg Top expressed in otolith organ utricle thymus esophagus morula vestibular sensory epithelium embryo blastocyst spermatid temporal muscle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function ion channel activity calcium channel activity extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity ligand-gated ion channel activity acetylcholine-gated cation-selective channel activity protein binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential Cellular component synapse integral component of membrane cell junction integral component of plasma membrane postsynaptic membrane membrane acetylcholine-gated channel complex plasma membrane cholinergic synapse integral component of postsynaptic specialization membrane neuron projection Biological process calcium ion transport detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration inner ear morphogenesis hearing ion transport calcium ion transmembrane transport cation transport regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential excitatory postsynaptic potential signal transduction ion transmembrane transport negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade chemical synaptic transmission regulation of membrane potential nervous system process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 55584 231252 Ensembl ENSG00000174343 ENSMUSG00000029205 UniProt Q9UGM1 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_017581 NM_001081104 RefSeq (protein) NP_060051 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 40.34 – 40.36 Mb Chr 5: 66.09 – 66.13 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
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α9 subunit-containing receptors are notably blocked by nicotine. The role of this antagonism in the effects of tobacco are unknown.

This gene is a member of the ligand-gated ionic channel family and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene superfamily. It encodes a plasma membrane protein that forms homo- or hetero-oligomeric divalent cation channels. This protein is involved in cochlea hair cell function and is expressed in both the inner and outer hair cells (OHCs) of the adult cochlea, although expression levels in adult inner hair cells is low. The activation of the alpha9/10 nAChR is via olivocochlear activity, represented by cholinergic efferent synaptic terminals originating from the superior olive region of the brainstem. The protein is additionally expressed in keratinocytes, the pituitary gland, B-cells and T-cells.^[5]

Selective block of α9α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by the conotoxin RgIA has been shown to be analgesic in an animal model of nerve injury pain.^[6]