Calochortus albus
Species of flowering plant
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calochortus albus[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] is a North American species in the genus Calochortus in the family Liliaceae. It is also known by the common names fairy lantern,[2][3][4][6][8] white fairy lantern,[3][5] pink fairy lantern,[3] lantern of the fairies,[7] globe lily,[4][8] white globe lily,[2][3][6] white globe-tulip,[7][10] alabaster tulip,[10] Indian bells,[6][10] satin bells,[6][7][10] snowy lily-bell,[7] and snow drops.[6]
| Calochortus albus | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Liliaceae |
| Genus: | Calochortus |
| Species: | C. albus |
| Binomial name | |
| Calochortus albus | |
Description
Widespread, variable species, blooming in winter and spring and going dormant after anthesis (flowering period) until the start of the autumn rains.
- Height: 20–[2][4] 30–60[6]–80 cm high at maturity.[2][4]
- Stems: Stems are erect,[3][4] to arching,[3] slender,[4] glaucous,[3] and simple[3] to branching,[3][4][5][7] reaching 7.5-[3] 20-[2][4] 70-[3] 80 cm.[2][4]
- Leaves: Leaves come in two types: cauline or basal[2][3][4][6] (radical).[7] One long basal leaf is present during blooming, along with several cauline leaves, and foliaceous bracts below the flowers.[3]
- Inflorescences: Flowers are borne in groups of 1-[3] 2-[2] many.[2][3] Bracts are generally paired, lanceolate, and measure 1–5 cm in length.[2]
- Flowers: Delicate,[5][7] pendent,[3] nodding,[2][4][5][7] 2–3 cm closed[3] orbs of pearly white,[2][3][4][5][6][7] to pink,[2][3][5] to deep pink,[3][5] to almost wine-red,[3] occasionally greenish.[5] Flowers from late March-[3] April–June-[2][4][6] early July.[3]
- Perianth is oblong[2][6] and is typically closed at the tip.[2][3]
- Sepals: Three[6] ovate[2] to lanceolate[2][7] sepals measuring 1-1.5 cm long,[2][4] appressed to the petals,[2][3] rarely recurved. Sepals may be white, green,[3] greenish-white,[6] or rosy red, and are shorter than the petals.[3]
- Petals: Three[6] elliptic[2][4] or wider[4] petals, with the insides being sparsely[2][3] ciliate (having a fringe of hairs),[2][3][4] with yellowish,[3] slender hairs[2][3][4] above the nectary[2][3] or along the gland.[4] Satiny[3][6] petals measure 2-2.5 cm long,[2][4][6] overlap slightly, are closed at the tip, and may have a green, copper, pink,[3] lavender,[7] or purple[6] tinge on the outside of the flower, typically near the base of the petals and around the protruding glandular area.[3]
- Nectary: Crescent-shaped,[2][3] shallowly to deeply[3] depressed,[2][3] with several[2][4] transverse,[4] fringed membranes[2][3][4] with white or yellow glandular hairs measuring 1/3-2/3 of the width of the petals.[2]
- Stamens: Short, oblong, abruptly tipped, white to light pink stamens measuring 4 mm in length.[2]
- Fruit: Nodding,[2][3][4] elliptic-oblong,[2][4] prominently 3-winged capsule,[2][3][4] measuring 2-[2] 2.5-[3][4] 4 cm in length.[2][3][4]
- Seeds: Dark brown and irregularly shaped.[2]
Habitat
Widespread in shady[2][3][4][5][6] to open[2][5][6] woods and scrub,[2][3][4][5][6] partially shaded grasslands, exposed coastal bluffs,[3] and is often found in rocky places.[3][4] May be found in many plant communities[2][3][4][5] below 5,000 ft[4][5] or 2,000m,[2][3] including foothill woodlands, yellow pine forests,[4] and chaparral.[2][3][4][5]
Range
Present throughout the southern two-thirds of California.[6] May be found in the Sierra Nevada foothills,[2][5][7] southern[2][5] coast ranges,[2][5][7] and peninsular ranges,[2][5] from Baja California,[3] to San Diego[4][7] to the San Francisco Bay Area,[2][7] extending to northern California and the California Channel Islands.[2][4]
Cultivation
- Light : Prefers sun[5] to partial shade.[3][5]
- Soil: Adaptable, but prefers well-drained soil.[3][5]
- Water: Drought tolerant to moderate.[5] During its dormant period, this species receives little or no rain in the wild. In cultivation, give a regular supply of water in the growing season, then the bulbs need to dry when the leaves begin to yellow. Premature autumn growth and poor drainage are often the causes of bulb loss.[3]
- Zone: Hardy to -18 °C, and possibly as low as -23 °C. USDA zones 9-10.[3]
Propagation
Etymology
Albus comes from Latin, and means 'white' or 'bright'. Calochortus is derived from Greek meaning 'beautiful grass', a reference to the characteristic grass-like foliage of the genus.[11]
