Cantharellus cibarius
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Cantharellus cibarius | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Cantharellales |
| Family: | Cantharellaceae |
| Genus: | Cantharellus |
| Species: | C. cibarius |
| Binomial name | |
| Cantharellus cibarius Fr. (1821) | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Species synonymy[1]
| |
| Cantharellus cibarius | |
|---|---|
| Mycological characteristics | |
 | Ridges on hymenium |
 | Cap is infundibuliform |
 | Hymenium is decurrent |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Spore print is yellow to cream |
 | Ecology is mycorrhizal |
 | Edibility is choice |
Cantharellus cibarius (Latin: cantharellus, "chanterelle"; cibarius, "culinary")[2] is the golden chanterelle, the type species of the chanterelle genus Cantharellus. It is also known as girolle (or girole).[3][4]
Despite its characteristic features, C. cibarius can be confused with species such as the poisonous Omphalotus illudens. The golden chanterelle is a commonly consumed and choice edible species.
At one time, all yellow or golden chanterelles in North America had been classified as Cantharellus cibarius. Using DNA analysis, they have since been shown to be a group of related species known as the Cantharellus cibarius group or species complex, with C. cibarius sensu stricto restricted to Europe.[5][6][7] In 1997, C. formosus (the Pacific golden chanterelle) and C. cibarius var. roseocanus were identified,[8] followed by C. cascadensis in 2003[9] and C. californicus in 2008.[10] In 2018, C. anzutake was identified, found in Japan and Korea.[11]
Description
The mushroom is easy to detect and recognize in nature.[3] The body is 3–15 centimetres (1–6 inches) wide[12] and 5–10 cm (2–4 in) tall. The color varies from yellow to dark yellow.[3][13] Red spots will appear on the cap of the mushroom if it is damaged.[14] Chanterelles have a faint aroma and flavor of apricots.[3][13] The spore print is yellowish.[12]
Similar species
Cantharellus cibarius can resemble species such as the dangerously poisonous Omphalotus illudens (eastern jack-o'lantern)[15] and Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (the false chanterelle).[12]
Distribution and habitat
The species grows in Europe from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean Basin, mainly in deciduous and coniferous forests[3][13][5][6] and typically from June to December.[16]
