Capitulation at Helsingfors
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changes Whole of Finland is completely occupied by the Russians
| Capitulation at Helsingfors | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743) | |||||||||
 Map of Gulf of Finland in 1742 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Sweden |
 Russia | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Charles Lewenhaupt Jean Louis Bousquet  |
Peter Lacy James Keith | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 17,000 | 17,500 to 30,000 | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
|
Entire army[a] 90 cannons | Few | ||||||||
The Capitulation at Helsingfors[b] was a military campaign in the summer of 1742, during the Russo-Swedish War of 1741–1743, as a result of which the Russians were able to surround and then force the main forces of the Swedish army to capitulate in Helsingfors (Helsinki).
Previous events
In February 1742, the Russians terminated the previous armistice and again launched an offensive into Finland, the Swedish army made maneuvers, moving away from the battle, first from Fredrikshamn (Hamina), later from Borgå (Porvoo), where it was possible to destroy the Swedish army, but because of the fog, the latter successfully retreated. The losses of the Swedes here are only 106 people, of whom 89 died.[2]
The forces of the parties
Swedish sources estimate their forces at 12,000, however, this estimate is most likely underestimated. Russian historian Alexei Shkvarov with a full recalculation of the surrendered army noted that in the case of such an estimate, 5,000 simply disappeared, so he estimated its strength at 17,000, which is consistent with other estimates from the Russian side.[1]
Russian army numbers range from 17,500 to 30,000 according to Russian and Swedish estimates, respectively.[3][4]