Catagonus metropolitanus

Catagonus metropolitanus is notable as the type species of a genus that contains a living species; the Chacoan peccary. The living Chacoan peccary was first described in 1930 from subfossil remains, and was only found alive by scientists in 1972, making it an example of a Lazarus taxon.^[3]

A 2017 study on the phylogenetic systematics of Tayassuidae species suggests that Catagonus should only contain C. metropolitanus. The extinct narrow-headed peccary (C. stenocephalus) should be moved to Brasiliochoerus, while the Chacoan peccary, C. bonaerensis and C. carlesi should be placed in Parachoerus.^[4] If this is accepted, then Catagonus would become an extinct genus once more.