Chen Yannian (1898 – 4 July 1927) was a Chinese revolutionary and early leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Chen was born in Anqing Prefecture, Anhui, in 1898, to Chen Duxiu, a revolutionary socialist, educator, philosopher and author, who co-founded the Communist Party with Li Dazhao in 1921.[1] His siblings were, in order of birth: Chen Qiaonian, Chen Songnian and Chen Yuying.[1] He attended the Anqing Shangzhi School (安庆尚志小学) and Quanwan Middle School (全皖中学). In 1915, he went to study in Shanghai with his younger brother Chen Qiaonian.[1] Soon after, the two brothers were accepted to Aurora University.[1]
In September 1924, Chen returned to Shanghai.[2] In October, he came to Guangzhou as a special commissioner of the CCP Central Committee and served as secretary of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League of China and director of the Organization Department.[2] In February 1925, he succeeded Zhou Enlai as secretary of the CCP Guangdong Provincial Committee.[2] In June, Chen, Deng Zhongxia, Su Zhaozheng led the Canton–Hong Kong strike.[2]
In April 1927, when Chen went to Wuhan to attend the 5th National Congress of the CCP, the Central Committee appointed him to take over the post of secretary of the CCP Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provincial Committee and was elected an alternate member of the Political Bureau of the 5th Central Committee of the CCP.[2] On his way to Shanghai, the Shanghai massacre broke out.[2] In June 1927, the Central Committee abolished the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provincial Committee and established Jiangsu Provincial Committee and Zhejiang Provincial Committee respectively.[2] Chen was appointed secretary of the CCP Jiangsu Provincial Committee.[2] On June 26, he was arrested by the Kuomintang police, and later tortured during questioning.[2] On the evening of 4 July 1927, he was pinned down and hacked to death by the Kuomintang police after refusing to kneel for his execution.[2][bettersourceneeded]
1234567891011Yang Lina (杨丽娜); Cheng Hongyi (程宏毅) (7 May 2018). 陈延年:视死如归的革命者[Chen Yannian: a revolutionary faced death calmly]. People's Daily (in Chinese). Retrieved 3 July 2021.
↑Cao Dian (曹典) (29 April 2021). 陈独秀长子陈延年烈士牺牲时间考证[Research on the time of martyr Chen Yannian's death]. dswxyjy.org.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved 3 July 2021.
Works cited
中共党史人物传 [Biographies of Figures in the History of the Chinese Communist Party] (in Chinese). Vol.3. Beijing: China Renmin University Press. 2021.