A church named Saint-Christophe et Notre-Dame was mentioned on this site in the early 13th century. It may have been built in the Carolingian era. As of 1242, the chapel was affiliated with Saint-Marcel of Saint-Denis.[1]
After a long drought on 14 May, 1336, a young girl praying the Virgin Mary saw the eyes of the statue cry and heard the rain fall in the same time. After the miracle, the chapel could not accommodate the flow of pilgrims and a new church was built on the site in the 15th century.[2]
The 30-meter-high squared tower, dated 1541 according to an inscription on its base, is said to have been built by Louis XI. In 1623, the Oratorians settled in the buildings given by Francis II of Montholon. A Jesuit-style façade was erected around 1628. A 9-meter-high spire was added in the 19th century but was destroyed by a fire in 1900.[3]
In 1614, Louis XIII pronounced his vows in the church and notably promised to "build a church dedicated to the Virgin in Paris if the struggle against the Protestants was victorious". So he built Notre-Dame-des-Victoires[2] which is considered as the daughter church of Notre-Dame-des-Vertus.
An organ was manufactured from 1630 to 1635.[4] It was restored by organ builders Robert Chauvin from Dax and Louis Benoist and Pierre Sarelot from Le Mans. It is the only preserved organ of the 17th-century in Île-de-France. It was inaugurated on 10 November 1990 by organist Michel Chapuis and Alain Cuny.[5] The organ has 30 stops, three keyboards and a French-style pedalboard.
In 2012, the church was restored at a cost of €1.367 million, co-financed by the Regional Directorate of Cultural Affairs (DRAC, 40 percent), the municipality of Aubervilliers (30 percent) and the Regional and General councils.[6]
The church was listed as a Class Historic Monument on 17 July 1908.[7]
