Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
| 2010 | 1,195 | | — |
|---|
| 2020 | 1,252 | | 4.8% |
|---|
As of the 2020 census, Clay had a population of 1,252 and a population density of 185.3 inhabitants per square mile (71.5/km2). The median age was 46.4 years. The age distribution was 245 people (19.6%) under the age of 18, 100 people (8.0%) aged 18 to 24, 252 people (20.1%) aged 25 to 44, 388 people (31.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 267 people (21.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.8 males age 18 and over.[19][20][21]
0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.[21]
The whole population lived in households. There were 421 households, out of which 107 (25.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 282 (67.0%) were married-couple households, 17 (4.0%) were cohabiting couple households, 74 (17.6%) had a female householder with no spouse or partner present, and 48 (11.4%) had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 62 households (14.7%) were one person, and 44 (10.5%) were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.97. There were 333 families (79.1% of all households).[19][22]
There were 447 housing units at an average density of 66.2 units per square mile (25.6 units/km2), of which 421 (94.2%) were occupied. Of these, 388 (92.2%) were owner-occupied, and 33 (7.8%) were occupied by renters. 5.8% of housing units were vacant; the homeowner vacancy rate was 2.3% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.6%.[19][20]
Clay first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. census.[18]