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Climate of New York City

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

According to the Köppen climate classification, New York City features a humid subtropical climate (Cfa).[1] The city experiences long, hot, humid summers with frequent late day thundershowers, and moderately cold winters, with snow or a mix of snow and rain on occasion. New York's location in the southernmost part of the state, its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, and its large population (and, consequentially, a strong urban heat island effect) all shape its climate. Thus, New York City has a marginal humid subtropical climate, in contrast to the rest of the state, which features a humid continental climate; and the New York metropolitan area's coastline constitutes one of the fastest-warming urban ocean shorelines in the world.[2]

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█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: "New York City Weatherbox NOAA"
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Meteorological records have been kept at Central Park since 1821, although the station was relocated to a different part of the park on January 1, 1920.[3] There are also other weather stations in the area, including one at LaGuardia Airport, beginning in 1940, and at JFK Airport, beginning in 1948. However, due to Central Park's long records and central location, it is often considered the main station for the city. Hence, all records unless otherwise stated will be for this station.

The highest temperature ever observed in Central Park is 106 °F (41 °C) on July 9, 1936 - although LaGuardia reported 107 °F (42 °C) on July 3, 1966, and the lowest is −15 °F (−26 °C) on February 9, 1934. The lowest daily maximum is 2 °F (−17 °C) on December 30, 1917. The highest daily minimum at Central Park is 87 °F (31 °C) on July 2, 1903.[4]

The averages 1,100 to 1,200 millimetres (42 to 49 inches) of precipitation annually, with snowfall averaging 29.8 in (75.7 cm) per year but is highly variable between winter seasons.[5] The city can also be prone to strong winds, being a coastal location it is exposed to the Atlantic. Hurricane Hazel in 1954 produced a wind gust of 134 km/h (83 mph), while a gust of 78 miles per hour (126 km/h) being reported on December 2, 1974.[6] Governors Island, Manhattan, in New York Harbor, is planned to host a US$1 billion research and education center poised to make New York City the global leader in addressing the climate crisis.[7]

Classifications

Union Square in autumn

New York City falls under different climate types depending on the climate classification system used. However, the Köppen climate classification system is the most widely used climate classification scheme, in which New York City falls under the humid subtropical zone.

More information Climatic scheme, Initials ...
New York City Climate according to major climate systems
Climatic scheme Initials Description
Köppen system[1] Cfa Humid subtropical climate
Trewartha system[8] Do Temperate oceanic climate
Alisov system[9] N/a Temperate climate
Strahler system[10] N/a Moist continental climate
Thornthwaite system[11]
C2 B'1
 Moist subhumid mesothermal climate
Neef system[12] N/a East-side temperate climate
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In the Holdridge life zones system, having a mean annual biotemperature above 53.6 °F (12 °C) and mean annual precipitation above 39.4 inches (1,000 mm), New York City features a warm temperate moist forest climate.[13] By the Trewartha classification, the city is defined as having a Temperate climate (Dc).[14][15] Annually, the city averages 234 days with at least some sunshine.[16] The USDA plant hardiness zones are 7a and 7b. Most of the city is found in 7b, with forested areas and parks being in 7a, as shown in Staten Island and suburban areas. The city also has some small densely populated areas in 8a, like around LaGuardia airport.[17]

Temperature

The city's annual temperature profile consists of a warm to hot season from May through October, and a cool to cold period from November through April. However, due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, these swings are less significant than areas further inland. The Atlantic serves as a moderator of the temperature meaning the city is milder than areas inland during the winter and cooler during the summer. All extremes are for the Central Park station.

Averages

In an average year, the temperature will usually be between 8 °F (−13 °C) and 97 °F (36 °C) with temperatures greatly exceeding these values being uncommon. Temperatures at or above 100 °F (38 °C) and below 0 °F (−18 °C) are very rare, with the latest occurrences being July 2, 2026 and February 14, 2016, respectively.[18]

More information Belvedere Castle, Central Park), 1991–2020 normals, Month ...
Climate data for New York (Belvedere Castle, Central Park), 1991–2020 normals
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.4
(15.8)		 60.7
(15.9)		 70.3
(21.3)		 82.9
(28.3)		 88.5
(31.4)		 92.1
(33.4)		 95.7
(35.4)		 93.4
(34.1)		 89.0
(31.7)		 79.7
(26.5)		 70.7
(21.5)		 62.9
(17.2)		 95.7
(35.4)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 39.5
(4.2)		 42.2
(5.7)		 49.9
(9.9)		 61.8
(16.6)		 71.4
(21.9)		 79.7
(26.5)		 84.9
(29.4)		 83.3
(28.5)		 76.2
(24.6)		 64.5
(18.1)		 54.0
(12.2)		 44.3
(6.8)		 62.6
(17.0)
Daily mean °F (°C) 33.7
(0.9)		 35.9
(2.2)		 42.8
(6.0)		 53.7
(12.1)		 63.2
(17.3)		 72.0
(22.2)		 77.5
(25.3)		 76.1
(24.5)		 69.2
(20.7)		 57.9
(14.4)		 48.0
(8.9)		 39.1
(3.9)		 55.8
(13.2)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 27.9
(−2.3)		 29.5
(−1.4)		 35.8
(2.1)		 45.5
(7.5)		 55.0
(12.8)		 64.4
(18.0)		 70.1
(21.2)		 68.9
(20.5)		 62.3
(16.8)		 51.4
(10.8)		 42.0
(5.6)		 33.8
(1.0)		 48.9
(9.4)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.8
(−12.3)		 12.7
(−10.7)		 19.7
(−6.8)		 32.8
(0.4)		 43.9
(6.6)		 52.7
(11.5)		 61.8
(16.6)		 60.3
(15.7)		 50.2
(10.1)		 38.4
(3.6)		 27.7
(−2.4)		 18.0
(−7.8)		 7.7
(−13.5)
Source: NOAA[19]
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Highest daily temperatures

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Daily record warm minimum

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Highest averages

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Precipitation

Snow at Central Park, winter 2011

New York City averages 49.9 in (1,267 mm) annually. Spring is the wettest season and February is the driest month. Every single month in the city's recorded history has reported some rainfall, showing the variability of the climate. On occasion, tropical systems can drop heavy rainfall. The record for days without rain, is 36 consecutive days, between October 10 and November 13, 1924.[5] The most rainfall in 24 hours was 8.28 in (210.3 mm) on September 23, 1882.[24]

Annually, most snow in New York City occurs from December through late March. Snowfall averages 29.8 in (75.7 cm) per year but is highly variable between winter seasons.[5] The most snowfall was 27.3 in (69 cm) on January 23, 2016.[24]

Averages

More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for New York (Belvedere Castle, Central Park), 1991–2020 normals
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.64
(92)		 3.19
(81)		 4.29
(109)		 4.09
(104)		 3.96
(101)		 4.54
(115)		 4.60
(117)		 4.56
(116)		 4.31
(109)		 4.38
(111)		 3.58
(91)		 4.38
(111)		 49.52
(1,258)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 8.8
(22)		 10.1
(26)		 5.0
(13)		 0.4
(1.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.1
(0.25)		 0.5
(1.3)		 4.9
(12)		 29.8
(76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.8 10.0 11.1 11.4 11.5 11.2 10.5 10.0 8.8 9.5 9.2 11.4 125.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 3.7 3.2 2.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.1 11.4
Source: NOAA[19]
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Rainfall Extremes

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Snowfall

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Other phenomena

Sunshine, UV and daylight

The city generally experiences sunny conditions. As a result of New York City's latitude, 40°42′46″N 74°00′22″W, it is not subject to the extremes of daylight that places much farther north see.[26] However, it is far north enough for there to be a moderate change of possible daylight hours throughout the year.[27]

More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for New York (Belvedere Castle, Central Park)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean monthly sunshine hours 162.7 163.1 212.5 225.6 256.6 257.3 268.2 268.2 219.3 211.2 151.0 139.0 2,534.7
Mean daily daylight hours 9.7 10.7 12.0 13.3 14.5 15.1 14.7 13.7 12.4 11.1 9.9 9.3 12.2
Percentage possible sunshine 54 55 57 57 57 57 59 63 59 61 48 48 57
Average ultraviolet index 2 3 4 6 7 8 8 8 6 4 2 1 5
Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990)[28]
Source 2: Weather Atlas[27]
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Wind

New York City can occasionally experience strong winds, like many coastal locations. Tropical cyclones or intense oceanic storms bring the strongest winds. The strongest gust in Central Park, of 78 miles per hour (126 km/h), occurred on December 2, 1974, however, a station at The Battery reported a gust of 113 miles per hour (182 km/h) on October 14, 1954, during Hurricane Hazel.[29] Most recently Hurricane Sandy, with 185 kilometres per hour (115 mph) struck the city on October 29, 2012, causing billions of dollars in damage. It resulted in loss of power, severe flooding and many residents being displaced.[30]

Climate change

Main article: Climate change in New York City
The Queens–Midtown Tunnel is seen flooded in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy.
Queens–Midtown Tunnel after flooding caused by Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012. Climate change means events like this will become more likely.

Being a coastal city, New York City is expected to experience significant effects from rising sea levels. Predictions that the sea level will rise by as much as 6 feet (1.8 m) by 2100 prompted then-mayor Bill deBlasio to invest $10 billion into infrastructure in 2019.[31] The city is also expected to become more susceptible to storm surges and flooding, meaning events like Hurricane Sandy's impacts will become more likely in the future.

Temperature

The temperature in New York City has generally increased steadily over the last 150 years and this trend is expected to continue due to anthropogenic warming. By 2080, it is predicted that the climate of the city will be similar to coastal South Carolina. The mean temperature has risen by 2.4 °F (1.3 °C) since the 1970s and this warming is expected to accelerate in the coming decades.[32][33]

Precipitation

Precipitation in the city has significantly increased since 2000; both rainfall and snowfall have risen, but snowfall has increased much more significantly. However, it is argued that such trends, being so recent, make it impossible to predict whether such increases will continue or become steadier.[34]

Station data

More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for New York (Belvedere Castle, Central Park), 1991–2020 normals,[o] extremes 1869–present[p]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22)		 78
(26)		 86
(30)		 96
(36)		 99
(37)		 101
(38)		 106
(41)		 104
(40)		 102
(39)		 94
(34)		 84
(29)		 75
(24)		 106
(41)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.4
(15.8)		 60.7
(15.9)		 70.3
(21.3)		 82.9
(28.3)		 88.5
(31.4)		 92.1
(33.4)		 95.7
(35.4)		 93.4
(34.1)		 89.0
(31.7)		 79.7
(26.5)		 70.7
(21.5)		 62.9
(17.2)		 97.0
(36.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 39.5
(4.2)		 42.2
(5.7)		 49.9
(9.9)		 61.8
(16.6)		 71.4
(21.9)		 79.7
(26.5)		 84.9
(29.4)		 83.3
(28.5)		 76.2
(24.6)		 64.5
(18.1)		 54.0
(12.2)		 44.3
(6.8)		 62.6
(17.0)
Daily mean °F (°C) 33.7
(0.9)		 35.9
(2.2)		 42.8
(6.0)		 53.7
(12.1)		 63.2
(17.3)		 72.0
(22.2)		 77.5
(25.3)		 76.1
(24.5)		 69.2
(20.7)		 57.9
(14.4)		 48.0
(8.9)		 39.1
(3.9)		 55.8
(13.2)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 27.9
(−2.3)		 29.5
(−1.4)		 35.8
(2.1)		 45.5
(7.5)		 55.0
(12.8)		 64.4
(18.0)		 70.1
(21.2)		 68.9
(20.5)		 62.3
(16.8)		 51.4
(10.8)		 42.0
(5.6)		 33.8
(1.0)		 48.9
(9.4)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.8
(−12.3)		 12.7
(−10.7)		 19.7
(−6.8)		 32.8
(0.4)		 43.9
(6.6)		 52.7
(11.5)		 61.8
(16.6)		 60.3
(15.7)		 50.2
(10.1)		 38.4
(3.6)		 27.7
(−2.4)		 18.0
(−7.8)		 7.7
(−13.5)
Record low °F (°C) −6
(−21)		 −15
(−26)		 3
(−16)		 12
(−11)		 32
(0)		 44
(7)		 52
(11)		 50
(10)		 39
(4)		 28
(−2)		 5
(−15)		 −13
(−25)		 −15
(−26)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.64
(92)		 3.19
(81)		 4.29
(109)		 4.09
(104)		 3.96
(101)		 4.54
(115)		 4.60
(117)		 4.56
(116)		 4.31
(109)		 4.38
(111)		 3.58
(91)		 4.38
(111)		 49.52
(1,258)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 8.8
(22)		 10.1
(26)		 5.0
(13)		 0.4
(1.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.1
(0.25)		 0.5
(1.3)		 4.9
(12)		 29.8
(76)
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 5.8
(15)		 7.9
(20)		 4.4
(11)		 0.4
(1.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.4
(1.0)		 3.7
(9.4)		 12.3
(31)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.8 10.0 11.1 11.4 11.5 11.2 10.5 10.0 8.8 9.5 9.2 11.4 125.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 3.7 3.2 2.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.1 11.4
Average relative humidity (%) 61.5 60.2 58.5 55.3 62.7 65.2 64.2 66.0 67.8 65.6 64.6 64.1 63.0
Average dew point °F (°C) 18.0
(−7.8)		 19.0
(−7.2)		 25.9
(−3.4)		 34.0
(1.1)		 47.3
(8.5)		 57.4
(14.1)		 61.9
(16.6)		 62.1
(16.7)		 55.6
(13.1)		 44.1
(6.7)		 34.0
(1.1)		 24.6
(−4.1)		 40.3
(4.6)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 162.7 163.1 212.5 225.6 256.6 257.3 268.2 268.2 219.3 211.2 151.0 139.0 2,534.7
Percentage possible sunshine 54 55 57 57 57 57 59 63 59 61 51 48 57
Average ultraviolet index 2 3 4 6 7 8 8 8 6 4 2 1 5
Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity and sun 1961–1990; dew point 1965–1984)[36][37][38]
Source 2: Weather Atlas[39].
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More information Month, Jan ...
Sea temperature data for New York[39]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average sea
temperature °F (°C)		 41.7
(5.4)		 39.7
(4.3)		 40.2
(4.5)		 45.1
(7.3)		 52.5
(11.4)		 64.5
(18.1)		 72.1
(22.3)		 74.1
(23.4)		 70.1
(21.2)		 63.0
(17.2)		 54.3
(12.4)		 47.2
(8.4)		 55.4
(13.0)
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More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for New York LaGuardia Airport, NY (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1939-present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22)		 79
(26)		 86
(30)		 94
(34)		 97
(36)		 101
(38)		 107
(42)		 104
(40)		 102
(39)		 95
(35)		 83
(28)		 75
(24)		 107
(42)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.2
(15.7)		 60.0
(15.6)		 69.3
(20.7)		 81.7
(27.6)		 89.3
(31.8)		 94.1
(34.5)		 97.4
(36.3)		 94.7
(34.8)		 89.6
(32.0)		 81.2
(27.3)		 70.9
(21.6)		 62.8
(17.1)		 98.7
(37.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 40.2
(4.6)		 42.7
(5.9)		 49.9
(9.9)		 61.3
(16.3)		 71.8
(22.1)		 81.1
(27.3)		 86.4
(30.2)		 84.5
(29.2)		 77.2
(25.1)		 66.0
(18.9)		 55.0
(12.8)		 45.4
(7.4)		 63.5
(17.5)
Daily mean °F (°C) 34.4
(1.3)		 36.3
(2.4)		 43.1
(6.2)		 53.6
(12.0)		 63.7
(17.6)		 73.4
(23.0)		 79.2
(26.2)		 77.7
(25.4)		 70.8
(21.6)		 59.6
(15.3)		 49.1
(9.5)		 40.0
(4.4)		 56.8
(13.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 28.6
(−1.9)		 29.9
(−1.2)		 36.2
(2.3)		 46.0
(7.8)		 55.7
(13.2)		 65.7
(18.7)		 71.9
(22.2)		 71.0
(21.7)		 64.4
(18.0)		 53.3
(11.8)		 43.2
(6.2)		 34.7
(1.5)		 50.1
(10.1)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 11.1
(−11.6)		 13.6
(−10.2)		 21.0
(−6.1)		 34.2
(1.2)		 45.6
(7.6)		 54.3
(12.4)		 63.5
(17.5)		 62.4
(16.9)		 52.9
(11.6)		 40.7
(4.8)		 29.4
(−1.4)		 19.4
(−7.0)		 8.7
(−12.9)
Record low °F (°C) −3
(−19)		 −7
(−22)		 7
(−14)		 22
(−6)		 36
(2)		 46
(8)		 56
(13)		 51
(11)		 42
(6)		 30
(−1)		 17
(−8)		 −2
(−19)		 −7
(−22)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.25
(83)		 2.93
(74)		 4.01
(102)		 3.85
(98)		 3.58
(91)		 4.03
(102)		 4.30
(109)		 4.41
(112)		 3.88
(99)		 3.81
(97)		 3.15
(80)		 4.08
(104)		 45.28
(1,150)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 8.6
(22)		 9.8
(25)		 5.4
(14)		 0.4
(1.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.1
(0.25)		 0.3
(0.76)		 5.2
(13)		 29.8
(76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.3 10.2 10.9 11.2 11.6 10.7 9.7 9.5 8.3 9.0 8.8 11.5 121.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 4.4 3.7 2.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.7 13.8
Source: NOAA[28][40]
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More information JFK Airport, New York (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present), Month ...
Climate data for JFK Airport, New York (1991–2020 normals,[q] extremes 1948–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 71
(22)		 71
(22)		 85
(29)		 90
(32)		 99
(37)		 102
(39)		 104
(40)		 101
(38)		 98
(37)		 95
(35)		 82
(28)		 75
(24)		 104
(40)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 57.7
(14.3)		 58.3
(14.6)		 67.5
(19.7)		 77.9
(25.5)		 85.6
(29.8)		 92.4
(33.6)		 95.2
(35.1)		 91.9
(33.3)		 87.9
(31.1)		 79.7
(26.5)		 68.9
(20.5)		 60.6
(15.9)		 96.8
(36.0)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 39.5
(4.2)		 41.7
(5.4)		 48.7
(9.3)		 58.8
(14.9)		 68.4
(20.2)		 78.0
(25.6)		 83.6
(28.7)		 82.2
(27.9)		 75.8
(24.3)		 64.7
(18.2)		 53.8
(12.1)		 44.5
(6.9)		 61.6
(16.4)
Daily mean °F (°C) 32.8
(0.4)		 34.5
(1.4)		 41.1
(5.1)		 50.9
(10.5)		 60.5
(15.8)		 70.2
(21.2)		 76.1
(24.5)		 75.0
(23.9)		 68.4
(20.2)		 57.2
(14.0)		 46.8
(8.2)		 38.3
(3.5)		 54.3
(12.4)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 26.2
(−3.2)		 27.4
(−2.6)		 33.6
(0.9)		 42.9
(6.1)		 52.5
(11.4)		 62.4
(16.9)		 68.7
(20.4)		 67.8
(19.9)		 61.0
(16.1)		 49.8
(9.9)		 39.8
(4.3)		 32.0
(0.0)		 47.0
(8.3)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 10.2
(−12.1)		 13.3
(−10.4)		 20.2
(−6.6)		 32.6
(0.3)		 42.9
(6.1)		 52.6
(11.4)		 62.8
(17.1)		 60.1
(15.6)		 50.0
(10.0)		 37.9
(3.3)		 26.9
(−2.8)		 18.6
(−7.4)		 8.2
(−13.2)
Record low °F (°C) −2
(−19)		 −2
(−19)		 7
(−14)		 20
(−7)		 34
(1)		 45
(7)		 55
(13)		 46
(8)		 40
(4)		 30
(−1)		 15
(−9)		 2
(−17)		 −2
(−19)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.23
(82)		 2.76
(70)		 3.94
(100)		 3.55
(90)		 3.66
(93)		 3.85
(98)		 3.86
(98)		 4.11
(104)		 3.58
(91)		 3.72
(94)		 3.07
(78)		 3.96
(101)		 43.29
(1,100)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 7.5
(19)		 8.6
(22)		 4.3
(11)		 0.6
(1.5)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.4
(1.0)		 4.5
(11)		 25.9
(66)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 10.7 9.8 10.8 11.4 11.8 10.6 9.4 9.0 8.2 9.4 8.9 11.2 121.2
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 4.6 3.8 2.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.6 14.0
Average relative humidity (%) 64.9 64.4 63.4 64.1 69.5 71.5 71.4 71.7 71.9 69.1 67.9 66.3 68.0
Source: NOAA (relative humidity 1961–1990)[41][42][43]
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More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for New York LaGuardia Airport, NY (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1939-present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 72
(22)		 79
(26)		 86
(30)		 94
(34)		 97
(36)		 101
(38)		 107
(42)		 104
(40)		 102
(39)		 95
(35)		 83
(28)		 75
(24)		 107
(42)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.2
(15.7)		 60.0
(15.6)		 69.3
(20.7)		 81.7
(27.6)		 89.3
(31.8)		 94.1
(34.5)		 97.4
(36.3)		 94.7
(34.8)		 89.6
(32.0)		 81.2
(27.3)		 70.9
(21.6)		 62.8
(17.1)		 98.7
(37.1)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 40.2
(4.6)		 42.7
(5.9)		 49.9
(9.9)		 61.3
(16.3)		 71.8
(22.1)		 81.1
(27.3)		 86.4
(30.2)		 84.5
(29.2)		 77.2
(25.1)		 66.0
(18.9)		 55.0
(12.8)		 45.4
(7.4)		 63.5
(17.5)
Daily mean °F (°C) 34.4
(1.3)		 36.3
(2.4)		 43.1
(6.2)		 53.6
(12.0)		 63.7
(17.6)		 73.4
(23.0)		 79.2
(26.2)		 77.7
(25.4)		 70.8
(21.6)		 59.6
(15.3)		 49.1
(9.5)		 40.0
(4.4)		 56.8
(13.8)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 28.6
(−1.9)		 29.9
(−1.2)		 36.2
(2.3)		 46.0
(7.8)		 55.7
(13.2)		 65.7
(18.7)		 71.9
(22.2)		 71.0
(21.7)		 64.4
(18.0)		 53.3
(11.8)		 43.2
(6.2)		 34.7
(1.5)		 50.1
(10.1)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 11.1
(−11.6)		 13.6
(−10.2)		 21.0
(−6.1)		 34.2
(1.2)		 45.6
(7.6)		 54.3
(12.4)		 63.5
(17.5)		 62.4
(16.9)		 52.9
(11.6)		 40.7
(4.8)		 29.4
(−1.4)		 19.4
(−7.0)		 8.7
(−12.9)
Record low °F (°C) −3
(−19)		 −7
(−22)		 7
(−14)		 22
(−6)		 36
(2)		 46
(8)		 56
(13)		 51
(11)		 42
(6)		 30
(−1)		 17
(−8)		 −2
(−19)		 −7
(−22)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.25
(83)		 2.93
(74)		 4.01
(102)		 3.85
(98)		 3.58
(91)		 4.03
(102)		 4.30
(109)		 4.41
(112)		 3.88
(99)		 3.81
(97)		 3.15
(80)		 4.08
(104)		 45.28
(1,150)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 8.6
(22)		 9.8
(25)		 5.4
(14)		 0.4
(1.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.1
(0.25)		 0.3
(0.76)		 5.2
(13)		 29.8
(76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.3 10.2 10.9 11.2 11.6 10.7 9.7 9.5 8.3 9.0 8.8 11.5 121.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 4.4 3.7 2.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.7 13.8
Source: NOAA[44][45]
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More information Newark Liberty Int'l), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1843–present, Month ...
Climate data for Newark, New Jersey (Newark Liberty Int'l), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1843–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 74
(23)		 80
(27)		 89
(32)		 97
(36)		 99
(37)		 103
(39)		 108
(42)		 105
(41)		 105
(41)		 96
(36)		 85
(29)		 76
(24)		 108
(42)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 61.8
(16.6)		 62.5
(16.9)		 72.3
(22.4)		 84.4
(29.1)		 91.4
(33.0)		 95.9
(35.5)		 98.7
(37.1)		 95.9
(35.5)		 91.5
(33.1)		 82.4
(28.0)		 72.2
(22.3)		 63.8
(17.7)		 100.0
(37.8)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 40.0
(4.4)		 43.0
(6.1)		 50.9
(10.5)		 62.6
(17.0)		 72.6
(22.6)		 81.8
(27.7)		 86.9
(30.5)		 84.7
(29.3)		 77.7
(25.4)		 66.0
(18.9)		 54.9
(12.7)		 44.8
(7.1)		 63.8
(17.7)
Daily mean °F (°C) 32.8
(0.4)		 35.1
(1.7)		 42.5
(5.8)		 53.3
(11.8)		 63.3
(17.4)		 72.7
(22.6)		 78.2
(25.7)		 76.4
(24.7)		 69.2
(20.7)		 57.5
(14.2)		 47.0
(8.3)		 38.0
(3.3)		 55.5
(13.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 25.5
(−3.6)		 27.2
(−2.7)		 34.2
(1.2)		 44.1
(6.7)		 53.9
(12.2)		 63.6
(17.6)		 69.4
(20.8)		 68.0
(20.0)		 60.7
(15.9)		 49.0
(9.4)		 39.0
(3.9)		 31.2
(−0.4)		 47.1
(8.4)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.1
(−12.7)		 12.1
(−11.1)		 19.4
(−7.0)		 32.3
(0.2)		 42.5
(5.8)		 52.5
(11.4)		 61.9
(16.6)		 59.2
(15.1)		 48.3
(9.1)		 36.1
(2.3)		 25.9
(−3.4)		 17.2
(−8.2)		 7.0
(−13.9)
Record low °F (°C) −13
(−25)		 −14
(−26)		 2
(−17)		 13
(−11)		 31
(−1)		 38
(3)		 46
(8)		 45
(7)		 34
(1)		 22
(−6)		 8
(−13)		 −13
(−25)		 −14
(−26)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.42
(87)		 2.98
(76)		 4.13
(105)		 3.87
(98)		 3.97
(101)		 4.34
(110)		 4.66
(118)		 4.15
(105)		 3.82
(97)		 3.79
(96)		 3.33
(85)		 4.14
(105)		 46.60
(1,184)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 9.1
(23)		 10.1
(26)		 5.6
(14)		 0.5
(1.3)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.2
(0.51)		 0.6
(1.5)		 5.4
(14)		 31.5
(80)
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm) 5.6
(14)		 6.3
(16)		 3.2
(8.1)		 0.2
(0.51)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.1
(0.25)		 0.4
(1.0)		 3.7
(9.4)		 10.8
(27)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.6 10.0 10.9 11.5 11.4 10.9 10.0 9.8 8.7 9.4 8.8 11.1 123.1
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 4.6 3.8 2.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 2.8 14.5
Average relative humidity (%) 65.4 63.3 59.9 57.5 62.0 63.0 63.4 66.2 67.9 66.3 66.5 66.7 64.0
Average dew point °F (°C) 19.2
(−7.1)		 20.5
(−6.4)		 27.1
(−2.7)		 35.2
(1.8)		 47.7
(8.7)		 57.0
(13.9)		 62.2
(16.8)		 62.4
(16.9)		 56.1
(13.4)		 44.6
(7.0)		 35.2
(1.8)		 24.8
(−4.0)		 41.0
(5.0)
Average ultraviolet index 2 3 4 6 7 8 8 8 6 4 2 1 5
Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity and dew point 1961–1989)[46][47][48]
Source 2: Weather Atlas (UV)[49]
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More information Month, Jan ...
Climate data for Newark
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average sea temperature °F (°C) 41.7
(5.4)		 39.7
(4.3)		 40.2
(4.5)		 45.1
(7.3)		 52.5
(11.4)		 64.5
(18.1)		 72.1
(22.3)		 74.1
(23.4)		 70.1
(21.2)		 63.0
(17.3)		 54.3
(12.4)		 47.2
(8.4)		 55.4
(13.0)
Source: Weather Atlas[49]
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Time series plot for Central Park, 1869–present

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More information Teterboro Airport, New Jersey (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1969–present), Month ...
Climate data for Teterboro Airport, New Jersey (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1969–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 73
(23)		 80
(27)		 85
(29)		 95
(35)		 98
(37)		 101
(38)		 104
(40)		 102
(39)		 99
(37)		 95
(35)		 84
(29)		 77
(25)		 104
(40)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 60.9
(16.1)		 61.5
(16.4)		 70.2
(21.2)		 83.4
(28.6)		 90.6
(32.6)		 94.2
(34.6)		 97.3
(36.3)		 94.8
(34.9)		 91.3
(32.9)		 82.5
(28.1)		 72.4
(22.4)		 63.9
(17.7)		 98.4
(36.9)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 39.9
(4.4)		 42.8
(6.0)		 50.6
(10.3)		 62.5
(16.9)		 73.1
(22.8)		 82.0
(27.8)		 87.0
(30.6)		 85.1
(29.5)		 78.4
(25.8)		 66.8
(19.3)		 55.5
(13.1)		 44.9
(7.2)		 64.1
(17.8)
Daily mean °F (°C) 32.8
(0.4)		 34.9
(1.6)		 42.3
(5.7)		 53.1
(11.7)		 63.2
(17.3)		 72.5
(22.5)		 78.0
(25.6)		 76.2
(24.6)		 69.2
(20.7)		 57.4
(14.1)		 46.9
(8.3)		 37.9
(3.3)		 55.4
(13.0)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 25.7
(−3.5)		 27.0
(−2.8)		 34.0
(1.1)		 43.7
(6.5)		 53.3
(11.8)		 63.1
(17.3)		 68.9
(20.5)		 67.3
(19.6)		 59.9
(15.5)		 47.9
(8.8)		 38.3
(3.5)		 30.8
(−0.7)		 46.7
(8.1)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 8.0
(−13.3)		 10.9
(−11.7)		 19.0
(−7.2)		 30.3
(−0.9)		 39.6
(4.2)		 49.9
(9.9)		 58.7
(14.8)		 55.9
(13.3)		 45.7
(7.6)		 33.2
(0.7)		 23.9
(−4.5)		 16.3
(−8.7)		 5.8
(−14.6)
Record low °F (°C) −7
(−22)		 −2
(−19)		 8
(−13)		 19
(−7)		 32
(0)		 42
(6)		 49
(9)		 43
(6)		 38
(3)		 24
(−4)		 14
(−10)		 −3
(−19)		 −7
(−22)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.28
(83)		 2.82
(72)		 4.09
(104)		 3.97
(101)		 3.94
(100)		 4.25
(108)		 4.45
(113)		 4.25
(108)		 4.11
(104)		 3.73
(95)		 3.30
(84)		 4.10
(104)		 46.29
(1,176)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.7 10.1 11.2 11.4 12.1 11.0 9.7 10.4 8.7 10.5 9.1 11.6 126.5
Source 1: NOAA[50]
Source 2: National Weather Service[51]
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Notes

  1. [a]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of July 1999 equalled the mean temperature of July 1825.[23]
  2. [b]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of 1836 was 47.2 °F (8.4 °C), beating the record from 1888. Additionally, 1837 also beat 1888, with a mean temperature of 49.2 °F (9.6 °C)[23]
  3. [c]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of summer 1837 was 67.5 °F (19.7 °C), beating the record from summer 1903. Additionally, the summers of 1836 and 1839 also beat 1903, with mean temperatures of 67.7 °F (19.8 °C) and 69.1 °F (20.6 °C) respectively.[23]
  4. [d]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of autumn 1836 was 49.5 °F (9.7 °C), beating the record from autumn 1871. Additionally, the autumn of 1823 also beat 1871, with a mean temperature of 51.3 °F (10.7 °C).[23]
  5. [e]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of winter 1867–1868 was 25.5 °F (−3.6 °C), beating the record from winter 1917–1918.[23]
  6. [f]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of January 1857 was 19.6 °F (−6.9 °C), beating the record from January 1918 as well as being the coldest month of any kind ever recorded.[23]
  7. [g]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of May 1917 was equalled by May 1850.[23]
  8. [h]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of June 1836 was 62.2 °F (16.8 °C), beating the record from June 1903. The mean temperature of June 1903 was also beaten by June 1839, with a mean temperature of 63.3 °F (17.4 °C).[23]
  9. [i]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of July 1837 was 69.4 °F (20.8 °C), beating the record from July 1888.[23]
  10. [j]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of August 1836 was 67.8 °F (19.9 °C), beating the record from August 1927. The mean temperature of August 1927 was also beaten by August 1866, with a mean temperature of 68.4 °F (20.2 °C). The mean temperature of August 1927 was also equalled by August 1837.[23]
  11. [k]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of September 1835 was 60.6 °F (15.9 °C), beating the record from September 1871.[23]
  12. [l]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of October 1836 was 45.8 °F (7.7 °C), beating the record from October 1888.[23]
  13. [m]
    Before official records began, the mean temperature of December 1831 was 22.3 °F (−5.4 °C), beating the record from December 1876.[23]
  14. [n]
    Due to a rain gauge malfunction, the rainfall measurement is in doubt.[25]
  15. [o]
    Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.
  16. [p]
    Official weather observations for Central Park were conducted at the Arsenal at Fifth Avenue and 64th Street from 1869 to 1919, and at Belvedere Castle since 1919.[35]
  17. [q]
    Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.

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