Coenobita
Genus of crustaceans
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The genus Coenobita contains 21 species[2] of terrestrial hermit crabs.[1] Several species in this genus are kept as pets.
- The junior homonym Coenobita Gistl, 1848 is now the moth genus Ectropis.
| Coenobita | |
|---|---|
| |
| Caribbean hermit crab, C. clypeatus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Anomura |
| Family: | Coenobitidae |
| Genus: | Coenobita Latreille, 1829 |
| Type species | |
| Pagurus clypeatus | |
Ecology
Coenobita species carry water in the gastropod shells they inhabit, allowing them to stay out of water for a long time.[3]
Distribution
The majority of the species are found in the Indo-Pacific region, with only one species in West Africa, one species occurring along the Atlantic coast of the Americas, and one species occurring on the Pacific coast of the Americas.[4]
| Image | Species | Authority | Year | Distribution [4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Coenobita brevimanus | Dana | 1852 | Indo-Pacific |
| Coenobita carnescens | Dana | 1851 | Pacific Ocean | |
 | Coenobita cavipes | Stimpson | 1858 | Indo-Pacific |
 | Coenobita clypeatus | (Fabricius) | 1787 | Western Atlantic |
.jpg) | Coenobita compressus | H. Milne-Edwards | 1836 | Eastern Pacific |
| Coenobita lila | Rahayu | 2016 | Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia | |
| Coenobita longitarsis | De Man | 1902 | East Indies | |
| Coenobita olivieri | Owen | 1839 | Pacific Ocean | |
 | Coenobita perlatus | H. Milne-Edwards | 1837 | Indo-Pacific |
| Coenobita pseudorugosus | Nakasone | 1988 | Indo-Pacific | |
 | Coenobita purpureus | Stimpson | 1858 | Japan |
| Coenobita rubescens | Greeff | 1884 | West Africa | |
 | Coenobita rugosus | H. Milne-Edwards | 1837 | Indo-Pacific |
| Coenobita scaevola | (Forskål) | 1775 | Indian Ocean, Red Sea | |
 | Coenobita spinosus | H. Milne-Edwards | 1837 | Polynesia & Australia |
 | Coenobita variabilis | McCulloch | 1909 | Australia |
 | Coenobita violascens | Heller | 1862 | Pacific Ocean |
Taxonomy
Coenobita is closely related to the coconut crab, Birgus latro, with the two genera making up the family Coenobitidae. The name Coenobita was coined by Pierre André Latreille in 1829, from an Ecclesiastical Latin word, ultimately from the Greek κοινόβιον, meaning "commune"; the genus is masculine in gender.[5]
