Copyright in Ukraine

The term of protection of personal non-property rights of the author is unlimited. Other rights (property) are subject to protection during the life of the author and 70 years after his death. If the work is co-authored, the term of protection of rights expires 70 years after the death of the last co-author of the work. For works published anonymously or under a pseudonym, the copyright expires 70 years after the work has been published.

If the work is first published within 30 years after the author's death, the copyright for it is valid for 70 years from the date of publication. Copyright for the works of posthumously rehabilitated authors is valid for 70 years after their rehabilitation.

The Law deals separately with the case of publication after the expiration of copyright protection of a work that has not been published before - the person who first published it enjoys protection equivalent to the protection of copyright. The term of protection of these rights is 25 years from the first publication.^[3]

In some cases, the use of works is allowed without the permission of the copyright holder and without payment of remuneration (provided that the author's name is indicated and his other rights are respected). Such cases include, for example:

• use of quotations (short excerpts) from published works in the amount justified by the goal;
• republication of works in Braille;
• public performance of musical works during official and religious ceremonies, as well as funerals to the extent justified by the nature of such ceremonies.

The law provides for the free reproduction of works in libraries and archives, as well as in the creation of textbooks. A separate article is devoted to the free copying of computer programs.^[4]