Crown Estate Act 1961
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
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The Crown Estate Act 1961 (9 & 10 Eliz. 2. c. 55) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that consolidated and replaced the Crown Lands Acts 1829 to 1936 governing the management of the Crown Estate in the United Kingdom.[1]
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Long titleAn Act to make new provision in place of the Crown Lands Acts, 1829 to 1936, as to the powers exercisable by the Crown Estate Commissioners for the management of the Crown Estate, to transfer to the management of the Minister of Works certain land of the Crown Estate in Regent's Park and extend or clarify the powers of that Minister in Regent's Park, to amend the Forestry (Transfer of Woods) Act, 1923, as it affects the Crown Estate, to amend the law as to escheated land, and for purposes connected therewith.
Citation9 & 10 Eliz. 2. c. 55
Territorial extentUnited Kingdom[b]
Royal assent27 July 1961
| Act of Parliament | |
| |
| Long title | An Act to make new provision in place of the Crown Lands Acts, 1829 to 1936, as to the powers exercisable by the Crown Estate Commissioners for the management of the Crown Estate, to transfer to the management of the Minister of Works certain land of the Crown Estate in Regent's Park and extend or clarify the powers of that Minister in Regent's Park, to amend the Forestry (Transfer of Woods) Act, 1923, as it affects the Crown Estate, to amend the law as to escheated land, and for purposes connected therewith. |
|---|---|
| Citation | 9 & 10 Eliz. 2. c. 55 |
| Territorial extent | United Kingdom[b] |
| Dates | |
| Royal assent | 27 July 1961 |
| Commencement | 27 July 1961[c] |
| Other legislation | |
| Amends | |
| Repeals/revokes | See § Repealed enactments |
| Amended by |
|
Status: Amended | |
| Text of statute as originally enacted | |
| Revised text of statute as amended | |
| Text of the Crown Estate Act 1961 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk. | |
Repealed enactments
Section 9(4) of the act repealed 85 enactments, listed in parts I and II of the third schedule to the act.[2]
| Citation | Short title | Description | Extent of repeal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34 Edw. 1 | Ordinatio Foreste | Ordinatio Foreste | Cap. 5, and cap. 6 from "And moreover" onwards. |
| Prerogativa Regis | Prerogativa Regis | In cap. 17, the words "knight's fees", "and dowers when they fall", "fees", and "dowers". | |
| 6 Hen. 8. c. 15 | Letters Patent (Avoidance) Act 1514 | An Act avoiding second letters patent granted by the King. | The whole act. |
| 20 Geo. 2. c. 50 | Tenures Abolition Act 1746 | The Tenures Abolition Act, 1746. | Sections fourteen and fifteen. |
| 20 Geo. 2. c. 51 | Sales to the Crown Act 1746 | The Sales to the Crown Act, 1746. | The whole act. |
| 59 Geo. 3. c. 94 | Crown Land Act 1819 | The Crown Land Act, 1819. | The whole act, except as respects Scotland. |
| 6 Geo. 4. c. 17 | Crown Lands Act 1825 | The Crown Lands Act, 1825. | The whole act. |
| 3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 99 | Fines Act 1833 | The Fines Act, 1833. | Sections twelve and thirteen. |
| 6 & 7 Will. 4. c. 19 | Durham (County Palatine) Act 1836 | The Durham (County Palatine) Act, 1836. | In section one, the words from "and all forfeitures" to "in right of the same", and section nine. |
| 6 & 7 Will. 4. c. 28 | Government Offices Security Act 1836 | The Government Offices Security Act, 1836. | In section one, the words "or of the chief commissioner of His Majesty's woods, forests, land revenues, works and buildings" and "or chief commissioner"; in section two, the words "and for such chief commissioner"; in section three, the words "the said chief commissioner"; in section five, the words "or the said chief commissioner" and "such chief commissioner"; in section seven, the words "nor the said chief commissioner"; in section eight, the words "or of such chief commissioner" and "such chief commissioner"; in section ten, the words "such chief commissioner"; and in the form of certificate in the Schedule, the words "or to the Chief Commissioner of His Majesty's Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, Works and Buildings". |
| 6 & 7 Will. 4. c. 49 | Rolls Estate (Demise) Act 1836 | An Act to enable the Master of the Rolls to demise part of the Rolls Estate to the Society of Judges and Serjeants. | The whole act. |
| 7 Will. 4 & 1 Vict. c. 46 | Rolls Estate Act 1837 | The Rolls Estate Act, 1837. | Sections one, two and five, the Schedule and the preamble. |
| 1 & 2 Vict. c. 61 | Government Offices Security Act 1838 | The Government Offices Security Act, 1838. | In section one, the words "or of the said chief commissioner" and "or of such chief commissioner"; in section two, the words "and for such chief commissioner", the words "such chief commissioner," and the words "chief commissioner" in both the other places where they occur. |
| 7 & 8 Vict. c. 89 | Commissioners of Woods (Audit) Act 1844 | The Commissioners of Woods (Audit) Act, 1844. | The whole act. |
| 21 & 22 Vict. c. 45 | Durham County Palatine Act 1858 | The Durham County Palatine Act, 1858. | Section two except the words "nothing in this Act contained shall extend to the island called Holy Island situate in that part of the County Palatine of Durham called Islandshire"; section three; in section four, the words "in the manner prescribed by the Crown Lands Act, 1829"; sections five and six; and the preamble. |
| 21 & 22 Vict. c. 72 | Landed Estates Court (Ireland) Act 1858 | The Landed Estates Court (Ireland) Act, 1858. | In section sixty-two, the words "or apportion"; section sixty-eight from the beginning to "otherwise; and" and the words from "to purchase, with" to "made or". |
| 31 & 32 Vict. c. 45 | Sea Fisheries Act 1868 | The Sea Fisheries Act, 1868. | In section forty-six, the words "but is not under the management of the Board of Trade". |
| 42 & 43 Vict. c. 73 | Commissioners of Woods (Thames Piers) Act 1879 | The Commissioners of Woods (Thames Piers) Act, 1879. | The whole act. |
| 47 & 48 Vict. c. 71 | Intestates Estates Act 1884 | The Intestates Estates Act, 1884. | Sections four, six and seven as they apply in Northern Ireland to the estates of persons dying after the beginning of January, nineteen hundred and fifty-six. |
| 54 & 55 Vict. c. 66 | Local Registration of Title (Ireland) Act 1891 | The Local Registration of Title (Ireland) Act, 1891. | In section seventy-nine, the words from "and if" to "Board of Trade" and the words "or Board, as the case may be". |
| 3 Edw. 7. c. 31 | Board of Agriculture and Fisheries Act 1903 | The Board of Agriculture and Fisheries Act, 1903. | In section one, subsection (7). |
| 3 Edw. 7. c. 37 | Irish Land Act 1903 | The Irish Land Act, 1903. | In section sixty-one, subsections (4) and (5). |
| 13 & 14 Geo. 5. c. 16 | Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Act 1923 | The Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Act, 1923. | In section forty-two, paragraph (b) and the word "other" in paragraph (e); in section ninety, the words from "and under" to "Trade respectively", the words "or the Board of Trade, as the case may be", and the words from "which consent onwards". |
| 15 & 16 Geo. 5. c. 21 | Land Registration Act 1925 | The Land Registration Act, 1925. | In section ninety-seven, in subsection (1), the words "to the Board of Trade, and", the word "also" in each place where it occurs, and the word "other" in paragraph (d). |
| 20 & 21 Geo. 5. c. 44 | Land Drainage Act 1930 | The Land Drainage Act, 1930. | In section seventy-seven, in subsection (1), the words "or the Board of Trade" and the words "or the Board" in paragraph (a). |
| 12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6. c. 74 | Coast Protection Act 1949 | The Coast Protection Act, 1949. | Part III. |
| Citation | Short title | Description | Extent of repeal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19 & 20 Car. 2. c. 8 | Dean Forest Act 1667 | The Dean Forest Act, 1667. | Section six. |
| 42 Geo. 3. c. 116 | Land Tax Redemption Act 1802 | The Land Tax Redemption Act, 1802. | In section one hundred and thirty-one, the words from "for the surveyor general of the land revenues" to "and", where next occurring; in section one hundred and forty-six, the words "of the land revenue of the Crown, or", and the word "respective" in both places. |
| 48 Geo. 3. c. 72 | Dean and New Forests Act 1808 | The Dean and New Forests Act, 1808. | Section six. |
| 50 Geo. 3. c. ccxviii | East Bere Forest Act 1810 | An Act for disafforesting the forest of South, otherwise East Bere otherwise Bier, in the county of Southampton, and for inclosing the open commonable lands within the said forest. | Section thirty-four, from "and shall" onwards. |
| 52 Geo. 3. c. 71 | Forest of Woolmer Act 1812 | An Act for the better cultivation of navy timber in the Forest of Woolmer, in the County of Southampton. | Section three. |
| 52 Geo. 3. c. 72 | Alice Holt Forest Act 1812 | An Act for the better cultivation of navy timber in the Forest of Alice Holt, in the County of Southampton. | Section four. |
| 52 Geo. 3. c. clxxi | Parkhurst Forest Act 1812 | An Act for disafforesting the forest of Parkhurst in the county of Southampton, and for inclosing the open commonable lands within the said forest. | Sections thirty-nine and forty, section fifty-one from "such lands" onwards. |
| 53 Geo. 3. c. 158 | Windsor Forest Act 1813 | An Act for vesting in His Majesty certain parts of Windsor Forest in the County of Berks; and for inclosing the open commonable land within the said forest. | Sections thirty-eight to forty. |
| 55 Geo. 3. c. 138 | Forest of Exmoor Act 1815 | An Act for vesting in His Majesty certain parts of the Forest of Exmoor in the Counties of Somerset and Devon; and for inclosing the said forest. | Sections sixty-seven to sixty-nine. |
| 55 Geo. 3. c. 190 | Brecknock Forest Act 1815 | An Act to amend an Act made in the forty-eighth year of His present Majesty, to improve the land revenue of the Crown, so far as relates to the Great Forest of Brecknock in the County of Brecknock; and for vesting in His Majesty certain parts of the said forest; and for inclosing the said forest. | Sections two to four. |
| 7 Geo. 4. c. 77 | Crown Lands (Carlton Palace) Act 1826 | A title which begins with the words "An Act to extend to Charing Cross" and ends with the words "to enable the Commissioners of His Majesty's Woods, Forests and Land Revenues to grant leases of the site of Carlton Palace". | Sections seventy-seven to seventy-nine. |
| 10 Geo. 4. c. 50 | Crown Lands Act 1829 | The Crown Lands Act, 1829. | The whole act, except in so far as it is continued in force by Part I of the Second Schedule to this act. |
| 1 & 2 Will. 4. c. 32 | Game Act 1831 | The Game Act, 1831. | In section nine, the words from "nor the powers" to "land revenues of the Crown". |
| 2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 1 | Crown Lands Act 1832 | The Crown Lands Act, 1832. | The whole act. |
| 2 & 3 Will. 4. c. 112 | Crown Lands (Scotland) Act 1832 | The Crown Lands (Scotland) Act, 1832. | The whole act. |
| 3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 69 | Crown Lands Act 1833 | The Crown Lands Act, 1833.[d] | The whole act, except in so far as sections seven and eight are continued in force by Part I of the Second Schedule to this act. |
| 5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 58 | Crown Lands (Scotland) Act 1835 | The Crown Lands (Scotland) Act, 1835. | Section one and the preamble. |
| 5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 62 | Statutory Declarations Act 1835 | The Statutory Declarations Act, 1835. | In section two, the words "the office of woods and forests, land revenues, works, and buildings." |
| 1 & 2 Vict. c. 42 | Dean Forest (Encroachments) Act 1838 | The Dean Forest (Encroachments) Act, 1838. | Sections five and thirteen. |
| 4 & 5 Vict. c. 40 | Crown Lands (City of London) Act 1841 | A title which begins with the words "An Act to empower" and ends with the words "City of London". | The whole act. |
| 5 Vict. c. 1 | Crown Lands Act 1841 | The Crown Lands Act, 1841. | The whole act. |
| 5 & 6 Vict. c. 94 | Defence Act 1842 | The Defence Act, 1842. | Section forty. |
| 7 & 8 Vict. c. 1 | Crown Lands (City of London) Act 1844 | A title which begins with the words "An Act to enlarge" and ends with the words "City of London". | The whole act. |
| 8 & 9 Vict. c. 99 | Crown Lands Act 1845 | The Crown Lands Act, 1845. | The whole act. |
| 11 & 12 Vict. c. 102 | Crown Lands Act 1848 | The Crown Lands Act, 1848. | The whole act, so far as unrepealed. |
| 14 & 15 Vict. c. 42 | Crown Lands Act 1851 | The Crown Lands Act, 1851. | The whole act, except sections fifteen, twenty-one, twenty-two and twenty-three and the entry in the Schedule relating to the Act 7 & 8 Victoria c. 60; in section twenty-two, the words "or First Commissioner", wherever occurring, the words "except as hereinafter provided", in both places, the words "of Woods or" and the words from "as the case may be" onwards. |
| 14 & 15 Vict. c. 43 | Forest of Hainault Act 1851 | An Act for disafforesting the Forest of Hainault in the County of Essex. | Section twelve. |
| 14 & 15 Vict. c. 46 | Crown Lands (Copyholds) Act 1851 | The Crown Lands (Copyholds) Act, 1851. | The whole act, so far as unrepealed. |
| 14 & 15 Vict. c. 76 | New Forest Act 1851 | The New Forest Act, 1851. | Section eight. |
| 15 & 16 Vict. c. 62 | Crown Lands Act 1852 | The Crown Lands Act, 1852. | The whole act. |
| 16 & 17 Vict. c. 36 | Whichwood Disafforesting Act 1853 | The Whichwood Disafforesting Act, 1853. | Section twenty-nine from "and it shall be lawful" onwards. |
| 16 & 17 Vict. c. 42 | Whittlewood Disafforesting Act 1853 | The Whittlewood Disafforesting Act, 1853. | Section twenty from "and it shall be lawful" onwards. |
| 16 & 17 Vict. c. 56 | Crown Lands Act 1853 | The Crown Lands Act, 1853. | Sections five to eight and the preamble. |
| 18 & 19 Vict. c. 16 | Crown Lands Act 1855 | The Crown Lands Act, 1855. | The whole act. |
| 18 & 19 Vict. c. 46 | Forest of Woolmer Act 1855 | An Act for disafforesting the Forest of Woolmer. | Section fourteen. |
| 19 & 20 Vict. c. 13 | Forest of Delamere Act 1856 | An Act to make provision for the management of certain lands belonging to Her Majesty within the former limits of the late Forest of Delamere in the County of Chester. | The whole act. |
| 29 & 30 Vict. c. 62 | Crown Lands Act 1866 | The Crown Lands Act, 1866. | The whole act, so far as unrepealed. |
| 29 & 30 Vict. c. 70 | Dean Forest (Walmore Common) Act 1866 | An Act to extend the provisions for the inclosure, exchange and improvement of land in certain portions of the Forest of Dean called Walmore Common and the Bearce Common, and for authorizing allotments in lieu of the forestal rights of Her Majesty in and over such commons. | Section three. |
| 36 & 37 Vict. c. 36 | Crown Lands Act 1873 | The Crown Lands Act, 1873. | The whole act, so far as unrepealed. |
| 47 & 48 Vict. c. 54 | Yorkshire Registries Act 1884 | The Yorkshire Registries Act, 1884. | Section thirty, except as respects assurances executed or made before the commencement of this act. |
| 48 & 49 Vict. c. 79 | Crown Lands Act 1885 | The Crown Lands Act, 1885. | The whole act, so far as unrepealed. |
| 50 & 51 Vict. c. 53 | Escheat (Procedure) Act 1887 | The Escheat (Procedure) Act, 1887. | In section two, in subsection (1), the words from "inquiries" to "or the holding of", and subsection (3). |
| 54 & 55 Vict. c. 66 | Local Registration of Title (Ireland) Act 1891 | The Local Registration of Title (Ireland) Act, 1891. | In section seventy-eight, in subsection (3), the words "in the office of Land Revenue Records and Enrolments", except as respects registrations made before the commencement of this act. |
| 55 & 56 Vict. c. 43 | Military Lands Act 1892 | The Military Lands Act, 1892. | In section ten, subsection (1) to the word "Crown", but without prejudice to the operation of subsection (2); in section twenty-four, the words from the first "or" to the second "Forest"; section twenty-seven, to the word "aforesaid". |
| 57 & 58 Vict. c. 43 | Crown Lands Act 1894 | The Crown Lands Act, 1894. | The whole act, except section six. |
| 2 Edw. 7. c. 37 | Osborne Estate Act 1902 | The Osborne Estate Act, 1902. | In section one, subsection (3) to the word "but". |
| 6 Edw. 7. c. 28 | Crown Lands Act 1906 | The Crown Lands Act, 1906. | Sections five and eight. |
| 8 Edw. 7. c. 36 | Small Holdings and Allotments Act 1908 | The Small Holdings and Allotments Act, 1908. | In section forty, in subsection (2), the words from "in" where that word first occurs to "Treasury". |
| 13 & 14 Geo. 5. c. 21 | Forestry (Transfer of Woods) Act 1923 | The Forestry (Transfer of Woods) Act, 1923. | In subsection (1) of section one the words "Commissioners of Woods or other" and paragraph (a). |
| 17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 23 | Crown Lands Act 1927 | The Crown Lands Act, 1927. | The whole act, except section thirteen; and in section thirteen, paragraph (a) of subsection (1) and subsections (2) and (3). |
| 17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 36 | Landlord and Tenant Act 1927 | The Landlord and Tenant Act, 1927. | In the Second Schedule, in Part I, sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph 1. |
| 26 Geo. 5 & 1 Edw. 8. c. 47 | Crown Lands Act 1936 | The Crown Lands Act, 1936. | Sections six to eight; in section nine, paragraph (a) of subsection (1), and in subsection (3) the words "of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, or" and the words "as the case may be"; subsection (3) of section ten. |
| 1 Edw. 8 & 1 Geo. 6. c. 35 | Statutory Salaries Act 1937 | The Statutory Salaries Act, 1937. | In section two, in subsection (1), the words "of the Commissioners of Crown Lands". |
| 8 & 9 Geo. 6. c. 12 | Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1945 | The Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1945. | Section ten. |
| 11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 63 | Agricultural Holdings Act 1948 | The Agricultural Holdings Act, 1948. | In section eighty-seven, subsection (3). |
| 12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6. c. 75 | Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act 1949 | The Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act, 1949. | In section eighty-six, subsection (3). |
| 2 & 3 Eliz. 2. c. 56 | Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 | The Landlord and Tenant Act, 1954. | In the Eighth Schedule, paragraph 3. |
| 4 & 5 Eliz. 2. c. 73 | Crown Estate Act 1956 | The Crown Estate Act, 1956. | The whole act. |
| 6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 63 | Park Lane Improvement Act 1958 | The Park Lane Improvement Act, 1958. | In section sixteen, in subsection (4), the words from "and the Crown Lands Acts" to "accordingly". |
Subsequent developments
The act was amended by the Crown Estate Act 2025, which received royal assent on 20 February 2025. The 2025 act increased the maximum number of Crown Estate Commissioners from eight to twelve, required the appointment of commissioners with specific responsibilities for Wales, Northern Ireland and England respectively, placed the Commissioners under a duty to keep under review the impact of their activities on sustainable development in the United Kingdom, granted the Commissioners a new power to borrow money, and added a new section 3A requiring Treasury consent for the disposal of territorial seabed.
Notes
- Section 10(1).
- Section 10(2).
- Incorrectly printed as "The Crown Lands (Scotland) Act, 1833".