Cyclosa confusa

The species has been collected from various locations across its range, suggesting it occupies diverse habitats from mainland areas to offshore islands.^[3]

Cyclosa confusa exhibits considerable size variation, with females measuring 5.0–8.0 mm in body length and males 3.0–4.5 mm.^[5] The carapace is typically pale brown, often with dark brown margins and median band, though some individuals may be uniformly dark brown.^[3]

• 
  variation in females
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

The species shows remarkable variation in abdominal coloration and markings. Females may have black abdomens with longitudinal brown median bands mottled with black, or pale brown coloration mottled with silver and featuring X-shaped silver markings. The posterior end of the abdomen bears three distinct protuberances, which are often less distinct in males.^[3]

Males can be distinguished by their pedipalp structure, particularly the median apophysis which is distally bent and bifurcated, distinguishing it from related species such as Cyclosa insulana, Cyclosa dives, and Cyclosa albisternis where this structure is distally truncated.^[3]