Dam Formation
Geological formation in the Arabian Peninsula
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The Dam Formation is an Early Miocene formation located in southwestern Qatar,[2] Saudi Arabia and the UAE.[3]
Sub-unitsAl-Kharrara Member, Al-Nakhsh member, Abu Samrah member
UnderliesDammam Formation
OverliesHofuf Formation
| Dam Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Early Miocene ~ | |
The location of the Dam formation in Qatar (dark and light blue dots) | |
| Type | Geological formation |
| Sub-units | Al-Kharrara Member, Al-Nakhsh member, Abu Samrah member |
| Underlies | Dammam Formation |
| Overlies | Hofuf Formation |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Silicate, dolomite and calcite |
| Other | Celestine, chlorite, gypsum, kaolinite, muscovite, illite, palygorskite, and smectite[1] |
| Location | |
| Country | Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE |
| Type section | |
| Named by | Steineke and Kock (unpublished), Powers (in Saudi Arabia), Cavelier (in Qatar) |
| Year defined | 1935 (unpublished), 1968 (Saudi Arabia), 1970 (Qatar) |
| Coordinates | 26°21′42″N 49°27′42″E |
| Country | Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates |
  Dam Formation (Saudi Arabia) | |
Description
The formation was first described in a report in 1935 by Steineke and Kock. However, this report was unpublished. It was first described in published material by Powers in 1968 in Saudi Arabia, and by Cavelier in 1970 in Qatar.[3]
The formation in Saudi Arabia and the U.A.E. was deposited in a terrestrial environment, while the formation in Qatar was deposited in a marine habitat as evidenced by the multiple marine animals found in the formation.[2][3]
Fossil content
| Mammals from the Dam formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Salwasiren | S. qataernsis[2] | ARC.2023.23.008, one associated skeleton including an incomplete cranium, mandible, left upper molar (M2), sternum, both scapulae and humeri, a partial vertebral column and ilium. | A dugongid sireanian | Lower Al-Kharrara Member |  |
| Odontoceti | Indeterminate[2][3] | A tooth[3] among other remains | Lower Al-Kharrara Member | ||
| Molluscs from the Dam formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Ostrea[3] | O.latimarginata | Bivalve | Lower & Middle Al-Kharrara Members | ||
| Pectinidae[3] | Indeterminate | Scallop | |||
| Anomia[3] | Indeterminate | Bivalve | |||
| Spondylus[3] | |||||
| Avicula[3] | |||||
| Clementia[3] | C.papayracea | "Impressions and molds" | Lower, Middle & Upper Al-Kharrara Members & Abu Samrah member | ||
| Chama[3] | C. gryphoides | ||||
| Clausinella[3] | C.erisca | Bivalve | |||
| C. persica | |||||
| Hydrobiidae[3] | Indeterminate | A family of fresh to brackish water snails | |||
| Chlamys[3] | C.senatoria | Bivalve | Upper Al-Kharrara Member & Abu Samrah member | ||
| Fissurella[3] | Indeterminate | Gastropod | |||
| Natica[3] | |||||
| Xenophora[3] | |||||
| Turritella[3] | |||||
| Cerithiidae[3] | |||||
| Conus[3] | |||||
| Bulla[3] | |||||
| Hydrobia[3] | Gastropod "Very locally" found | ||||
| Potamides[3] | |||||
| Capsa[3] | C. lacunosa | ||||
| cf. C. fragilis | |||||
| Tellina[3] | T. bipartita | Bivalve | |||
| Diplodonta[3] | D.cf. rotundata | ||||
| Barbatia[3] | B. barbata | Bivalve | |||
| Anadara[3] | A.cf. turonica | ||||
| Cardiocardita[3] | C.cf. monolifera | ||||
| C.aff. turonica | |||||
| Solecurtus[3] | S. basteroti | ||||
| Timoclea[3] | T. subspadicea | ||||
| Musculus[3] | M.sp. | Bivalve | |||
| Eastonia[3] | Indeterminate | ||||
| Panopea[3] | Gastropod | ||||
| Tapes[3] | Bivalve | ||||
| Mactra[3] | |||||
| Lucina[3] | |||||
| Cardium[3] | |||||
| ?Olivella[3] | Remains of "Internal molds" | ||||
| Voluta[3] | |||||
| Fasciolaria[3] | |||||
| Cassis[3] | |||||
| Cypraea[3] | |||||
| Echinoderms from the Dam formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| Fibularia[3] | F. damensis | A Sand Dollar | |||
| Agassizia[3] | A. aff. persica | Sea urchin | |||
| Cidaris[3] | C.sp. | Spines | |||
| Bryozoans from the Dam formation | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Member | Images |
| ?Cupuladria[3] | C. gr. haidingeri | ||||
Crustacean remains have also been found in the formation[3]