Demographics of Uttar Pradesh

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As of the 2011 census, Prayagraj is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh while Mahoba being the least populated. Only 3 districts of Jaunpur, Azamgarh and Deoria have a sex ratio greater than 1000 while Gautam Buddha Nagar stands lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12% and Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-correlation among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. The districts of Srawasti, Bahraich and Balrampur have yet to cross the 50% literacy mark.

The following table enumerates population, sex-ratio and literacy rates for each district of Uttar Pradesh:

District-wise demographics of Uttar Pradesh (2011 Census)^[4]

District	Population			Sex ratio	Literacy
	Total	Male	Female		Total	Male	Female
Gautam Buddha Nagar	1648115	890214	757901	851	0.8012	0.8806	0.7082
Kanpur Nagar	4581268	2459806	2121462	862	0.7965	0.8362	0.7505
Auraiya	1379545	740040	639505	864	0.7895	0.8611	0.7061
Etawah	1581810	845856	735954	870	0.7841	0.8606	0.6961
Ghaziabad	4681645	2488834	2192811	881	0.7807	0.8542	0.6979
Lucknow	4589838	2394476	2195362	917	0.7729	0.8256	0.7154
Mainpuri	1868529	993377	875152	881	0.7599	0.8453	0.663
Kanpur Dehat	1796184	963255	832929	865	0.7578	0.8345	0.6686
Varanasi	3676841	1921857	1754984	913	0.756	0.8378	0.6669
Jhansi	1998603	1057436	941167	890	0.7505	0.8538	0.6349
Jaunpur	4494204	2220465	2273739	1024	0.74	0.838	0.5981
Jalaun	1689974	906092	783882	865	0.7375	0.8348	0.6246
Mau	2205968	1114709	1091259	979	0.7309	0.8245	0.6363
Meerut	3443689	1825743	1617946	886	0.7284	0.8074	0.6398
Kannauj	1656616	881776	774840	879	0.727	0.8091	0.6333
Prayagraj	5954391	3131807	2822584	901	0.7232	0.8255	0.6099
Ambedkar Nagar	2397888	1212410	1185478	978	0.7223	0.8166	0.6266
Baghpat	1303048	700070	602978	861	0.7201	0.8245	0.5995
Firozabad	2498156	1332046	1166110	875	0.7192	0.8082	0.6175
Ghazipur	3620268	1855075	1765193	952	0.7178	0.828	0.6029
Mahamaya Nagar (Hathras)	1564708	836127	728581	871	0.7159	0.8238	0.5923
Agra	4418797	2364953	2053844	868	0.7158	0.8062	0.6118
Chandauli	1952756	1017905	934851	918	0.7148	0.8172	0.6035
Deoria	3100946	1537436	1563510	1017	0.7113	0.8327	0.5938
Ballia	3239774	1672902	1566872	937	0.7094	0.8149	0.5975
Azamgarh	4613913	2285004	2328909	1019	0.7093	0.8134	0.6091
Gorakhpur	4440895	2277777	2163118	950	0.7083	0.818	0.5936
Etah	1774480	947339	827141	873	0.7081	0.8128	0.588
Saharanpur	3466382	1834106	1632276	890	0.7049	0.7828	0.6174
Mathura	2547184	1367125	1180059	863	0.7036	0.8197	0.5689
Pratapgarh	3209141	1606085	1603056	998	0.7009	0.8188	0.5845
Sultanpur	3797117	1914586	1882531	983	0.6927	0.8019	0.5828
Muzaffarnagar	4143512	2193434	1950078	889	0.6912	0.7844	0.5869
Farrukhabad	1885204	1006240	878964	874	0.6904	0.774	0.5944
Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)	1578213	807099	771114	955	0.6897	0.8147	0.5603
Bulandshahr	3499171	1845260	1653911	896	0.6888	0.8093	0.5557
Hamirpur	1104285	593537	510748	861	0.6877	0.7976	0.5595
Faizabad	2470996	1259628	1211368	962	0.6873	0.7812	0.5903
Mirzapur	2496970	1312302	1184668	903	0.6848	0.7897	0.5686
Bijnor	3682713	1921215	1761498	917	0.6848	0.7656	0.5972
Aligarh	3673889	1951996	1721893	882	0.6751	0.7797	0.5568
Fatehpur	2632733	1384722	1248011	901	0.6743	0.7719	0.5658
Rae Bareli	3405559	1752542	1653017	943	0.6725	0.7763	0.5629
Basti	2464464	1255272	1209192	963	0.6722	0.7788	0.5623
Sant Kabir Nagar	1715183	869656	845527	972	0.6672	0.7839	0.548
Banda	1799410	965876	833534	863	0.6667	0.7778	0.5367
Unnao	3108367	1630087	1478280	907	0.6637	0.7505	0.5676
Mahoba	875958	466358	409600	878	0.6527	0.7583	0.5322
Kushinagar	3564544	1818055	1746489	961	0.6525	0.7771	0.5236
Chitrakoot	991730	527721	464009	879	0.6505	0.758	0.5274
Hardoi	4092845	2191442	1901403	868	0.6457	0.7439	0.5319
Sonbhadra	1862559	971344	891215	918	0.6403	0.7492	0.5214
Jyotiba Phule Nagar (Amroha)	1840221	963449	876772	910	0.6384	0.7454	0.521
Lalitpur	1221592	641011	580581	906	0.6352	0.7498	0.5084
Mahrajganj	2684703	1381754	1302949	943	0.6276	0.7585	0.4892
Bara Banki	3260699	1707073	1553626	910	0.6175	0.7027	0.5234
Pilibhit	2031007	1072002	959005	895	0.6147	0.717	0.5
Kaushambi	1599596	838485	761111	908	0.6128	0.7278	0.4856
Sitapur	4483992	2375264	2108728	888	0.6112	0.7031	0.5067
Kanshiram Nagar (Kasganj)	1436719	764165	672554	880	0.6102	0.7156	0.49
Kheri	4021243	2123187	1898056	894	0.6056	0.6957	0.5042
Shahjahanpur	3006538	1606403	1400135	872	0.5954	0.6818	0.4957
Siddharthnagar	2559297	1295095	1264202	976	0.5925	0.7092	0.4741
Gonda	3433919	1787146	1646773	921	0.5871	0.6941	0.4709
Bareilly	4448359	2357665	2090694	887	0.5849	0.675	0.483
Moradabad	4772006	2503186	2268820	906	0.5677	0.6483	0.4786
Rampur	2335819	1223889	1111930	909	0.5334	0.614	0.4444
Budaun	3681896	1967759	1714137	871	0.5129	0.6098	0.4009
Balrampur	2148665	1114721	1033944	928	0.4951	0.5973	0.3843
Bahraich	3487731	1843884	1643847	892	0.4936	0.5834	0.3918
Shrawasti	1117361	593897	523464	881	0.4674	0.5716	0.3478
Uttar Pradesh	199812341	104480510	95331831	912	0.6768	0.7728	0.5718

Population Growth

Year	Pop.	±%
1951	60,274,000	—
1961	70,144,000	+16.4%
1971	83,849,000	+19.5%
1981	105,137,000	+25.4%
1991	132,062,000	+25.6%
2001	166,198,000	+25.8%
2011	199,581,477	+20.1%
2018	227,920,005	+14.2%
Source: Census of India[5]

Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.^[6]

By area

1. Lakhimpur Kheri - 8,780
2. Sonbhadra - 6,999
3. Hardoi - 5,986
4. Bahraich - 5,745
5. Sitapur - 5,743

By population

1. Allahabad - 5,954,391
2. Moradabad - 4,772,006
3. Ghaziabad - 4,681,645
4. Azamgarh - 4,613,913
5. Lucknow - 4,589,838
6. Kanpur Nagar - 4,581,268
7. Jaunpur - 4,494,204
8. Sitapur - 4,483,992
9. Bareilly - 4,448,359
10. Gorakhpur - 4,440,895

1. Ghaziabad - 1995
2. Varanasi - 1954
3. Lucknow - 1456
4. Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) - 1409
5. Kanpur Nagar - 1369

1. Gautam Budha Nagar(Noida) - 80.12%
2. Kanpur Nagar - 79.65%
3. Auraiya - 78.95%
4. Etawah - 78.41%
5. Ghaziabad - 78.07%

1. Jaunpur - 1024
2. Azamgarh - 1018
3. Deoria - 1003
4. Mau - 984
5. Pratapgarh - 982
6. Ambedkar Nagar - 978
7. Faizabad - 972
8. Sultanpur - 965
9. Basti - 963
10. Sant Kabir Nagar - 960

For accurate caste population data in India, the Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes, General castes, OBC/EBCs in India, hence no official figures are available for the same.^{[10][11][12][13]}

As per estimations based on 2011 census, Dalits constitute 21.1% of Uttar Pradesh population.^[14][15][16] Mallah community is divided in 27 sub-castes. Other Backward Classes (OBCs) constitute over 50% of Uttar Pradesh’s population.^{[17][18][19][20]} Yadavs form the single largest group amongst the OBCs, constituting around 40 percent, and forming almost 15-19 percent of the state's population.^[17][21] There are 200-odd OBCs in U.P. In Uttar Pradesh, Muslims are divided into 68 castes and sub-castes, 35 of them are OBCs. Forward castes constitute around 18-20% of Uttar Pradesh population,^[22][23] in which Brahmins are about 9%^[24][25] and Rajputs are 8%.^[25]

Castes of Uttar Pradesh[26][27][28][29][30]
Caste	Population (%)
OBC	50%[17]
Dalits (SCs)	20-21%
Tribals (STs)	0.1%
Forward caste	18-20%
Muslims	19-20%
Others	0.9%

As of 1 March 2011, Uttar Pradesh had a population of over 199.5 million, making it the most populous state in India. Its population is larger than that of 242 other countries. If it were an independent country, it would be the sixth most populous in the world. ^{[citation needed]}

At the 2011 census of India, 79.7% of Uttar Pradesh population is Hindu. Muslims make up 19.3% of the population, most of whom are Rohillas, a clan of ethnic Pathans. The remaining population consists of Sikhs, Buddhists, Christians and Jains.

The population of Uttar Pradesh is divided into numerous castes and sub-castes. Historically, Hindu society is divided into four sub-divisions or varnas, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. Muslims are also divided as the Shias and Sunnis. In actual practice, Hindu society in generally used to be divided into numerous lineage groups called jatis. Each jati is then sub-divided into clans, called gotras.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.^[3]