Dinebra panicea

Inflorescences are much-branched panicles in which the spikelets' uppermost florets (tiny grass flowers with no petals) are reduced to small rudiments, and the spikelets themselves separate above the glumes at maturity. Leaf sheaths (leaf bases clasping the stems) bear long hairs with bulbous bases, and ligules at leaf bases are conspicuous, membranous, topped with a fringe of hairs, and irregularly toothed, as seen below: ^[2] Spikelets are relatively small, contain 2-4 florets, and are 1.8–3 mm long, as seen below:^[3][4][5]

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  spikelets next to scale marked in millimeters
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  hairy-topped ligule and long-hairy sheath
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  panicle of Dinebra panicea

On the iNaturalist distribution map for Dinebra panicea, observations of the species are documented -- both in its native areas and as an invasive -- in the Americas from the central US south to Chile and Brazil, southern Asia, and spottily elsewhere in Africa, Europe, Australia and Oceania.^[6]

Both subspecies panicea and brachiata are described as occurring in wetlands, swamps, or streams in open lowland regions, as well as waste places, gardens and rice fields.^[5][4] In the southeastern US, subspecies mucronata is said to occur on sandy shores and in disturbed areas.^[7]

In the Great Plains region of the US, Dinebra panicea is designated as a facultative wetland species, meaning that usually it occur in wetlands, but may occur in non-wetlands.^[8] It is listed as a weed by the International Livestock Research Institute.^[9]