Keldiyorova won one of the bronze medals in the girls' 44 kg event at the 2013 Asian Youth Games held in Nanjing, China.
In 2018, Keldiyorova competed in the women's 48 kg event at the Asian Games in Jakarta, Indonesia.[4] She entered into the repechage after losing her second match, against Ami Kondo of Japan, and she was then eliminated from the competition in her match against Jon Yu-sun of North Korea.[4] At the 2019 Summer Universiade held in Naples, Italy, Keldiyorova won one of the bronze medals in the women's 52 kg event.[8] In the women's 52 kg event at the 2019 Military World Games held in Wuhan, China she also won one of the bronze medals.[9]
In 2019, Keldiyorova won one of the bronze medals in her event at the Judo World Masters held in Qingdao, China.[10][11] In 2021, she competed in the women's 52 kg event at the Judo World Masters held in Doha, Qatar.[12] A few months later, she won the gold medal in her event at the 2021 Judo Grand Slam Antalya held in Antalya, Turkey and the silver medal at the 2021 Asian-Pacific Judo Championships held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.[13][14] In June 2021, she lost her bronze medal match in the women's 52 kg event at the World Judo Championships held in Budapest, Hungary.[15]
Keldiyorova lost her bronze medal match in her event at the 2022 Judo Grand Slam Tel Aviv held in Tel Aviv, Israel.[16] She won the silver medal in her event at the 2022 Judo Grand Slam Antalya held in Antalya, Turkey.[17]
Keldiyorova won the silver medal in the women's 52 kg event at the 2023 World Judo Championships held in Doha, Qatar. In 2024, she won a bronze medal at the Asian Judo Championships held in Hong Kong, China.[18] Keldiyorova won the silver medal in the women's 52 kg event at the 2024 World Judo Championships held in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.[19] She lost against Odette Giuffrida of Italy in her gold medal match.[20] On July 28, 2024, at the Olympics in Paris, Diyora Keldiyorova in the 1/16 with a clear ippon 10:1 took revenge for the defeat in the Qatar final of 2023 to the Japanese Uta Abe. In the final, she defeated the Kosovar athlete Distria Krasniqi and became the Olympic champion and the first Uzbek woman to win a Summer Olympics gold medal.[21]
