Dorothy Marshall (chemist)
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Dorothy Blanche Louisa Marshall | |
|---|---|
| Born | 12 December 1868 London |
| Died | 1966 (aged 97–98) |
| Citizenship | British |
| Alma mater | University College London, Bedford College |
| Known for | Vaporisation of liquids |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Chemistry, Physics, Electrical Technology |
| Institutions | Girton College, Cambridge
Newnham College Avery Hill Training College Huddersfield Municipal High School Clapham High School National Physical Laboratory |
Dorothy Blanche Louisa Marshall (12 December 1868 – 1966) was a British chemist who worked at Girton, Avery Hill and the National Physical Laboratory.[1] In 1904, she signed a petition for women to be admitted as Fellows of the Chemical Society.[2]
Dorothy Marshall was born on 12 December 1868 in London. She was one of the three daughters of Julian Marshall, connoisseur and collector, and Florence Ashton Thomas, musician and author .[3] When Marshall was five years old, her father died at age 67. In 1922, her mother died.
Education and Work
Marshall was educated at King Edward VI High School for Girls, Birmingham (KEVI) and went to Bedford College in 1886. Two years later, Marshall went on to study chemistry, physics and electrical technology at University College and graduated with a BSc (third class honours, chemistry) in 1891. As a postgraduate student at University College until 1894, Marshall studied heats of vaporisation of liquids .[4] One of her three lengthy publications was co-authored with William Ramsay and the other one with Ernest Howard Griffiths, both appeared in 1896 and 1897. In 1896, Marshall was appointed as Demonstrator at Girton College, Cambridge and promoted to Resident Lecturer in Chemistry a year later. Marshall left Girton in 1906 to become a Senior Science Lecturer position at Avery Hill College. Appointed as Acting Principal in 1907, she resigned due to "illness" to refuse the position. In 1908, she became the Senior Science Mistress of Huddersfield Municipal High School. In 1913 she moved south to Clapham High School to take a position as Chemistry Mistress.
Like many other women in chemistry, Marshall started war work in 1916, in aeronautical engineering. This work was more in the realm of applied physics or engineering than pure chemistry, as it was looking at the heat flows of aero-engines. She co-authored two reports in 1916–17 with Thomas E. Stanton, one on the effect of surface roughness on the heat transmitted from hot bodies to fluids flowing over them, and the other on effect of surface roughness on the heat transmitted from hot surfaces to fluids flowing over them, with special reference to the case of the gills of an air-cooled engine.[5] She was thereby one of the first women to be working on the properties of aero-engines, although a number of women were taken on at the end of the war, such as Frances B. Bradfield.
She worked with the National Physical Laboratory as scientific research assistant until the end of her career.
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