Draft:Cadore Letter
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The Cadore Letter was a diplomatic note dated August 5, 1810, sent by Napoleon Bonaparte's foreign minister Jean-Baptiste Nompère de Champagny, duc de Cadore and delivered to the United States minister in Paris John Armstrong Jr.[1] that caused the United States to resume a suspension of dealings or relations with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in February 1811.
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Letter's contents
The Duke of Cadore stated in the letter that he was authorized to declare that the Berlin Decree and Milan Decree would be revoked effective November 1, 1810, except on conditions that either Great Britain must repeal its 1807 Orders in Council and renounce its blockade principles or the United States would cause their rights to be respected, i.e., apply commercial pressure.[2]
"I am authorized to declare to you, sir, that the Berlin and Milan decrees are revoked, and that, after the 1st November, they will cease to have effect, it being understood that in consequence of this declaration the English shall revoke their Orders in Council and renounce the new principles of blockades which they have attempted to establish; or that the United States, conformably to the terms of Macon’s Bill No. 2, shall cause their rights to be respected by the English." - Duke of Cadore.
United States response to letter
In response to the Cadore Letter, President James Madison invoked the mechanism in Macon's Bill Number 2, which required the United States to reimpose non-intercourse against the other belligerent if one purported to revoke its edicts and the other did not within three months. This lead the United States to resume restrictions against Great Britain in early 1811, a step that further escalated the "trade and neutral rights" dispute that fed into the road to the War of 1812.[3]
Deception
The deception of the Cadore Letter was using carefully crafted language to present France’s alleged repeal of the Berlin and Milan Decrees as a revocation, while strategically aiming to induce the United States, under Macon’s Bill No. 2, to reimpose economic pressure on Great Britain.[4]
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