Draft:Chaghatays
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Chaghatays or Chagatais (Chagatay: چاغاتاي) were names used for a part of the nomadic population of the Chagatai Khanate from the second half of the 13th century to the second half of the 15th century.
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Last edited by Frietjes (talk | contribs) 1 second ago. (Update) |
چاغاتاي | |
|---|---|
| (Turkic, Mongolic) Turkic, Mongolic (including those of ancestral descent) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Transoxiana | |
| Religion | |
| Sunni Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Timurids, Moghuls |
The name derives from Chagatai Khan, a son of Genghis Khan. By the 14th century, as a result of interaction between nomadic groups and the settled population, a distinct historical and cultural complex had formed, whose bearers came to be referred to as Chagatai Turks. Around the same time, the Chagatai language and the Chagatai literary tradition developed.
Etymology
The name Chagatai used for the population of the Chagatai Khanate derives from the name of Chagatai Khan.[1]
Origins
The Turkic peoples known in the post-Mongol period as Chagatais originated from the Chagatai ulus—the population of the Mongol Empire formed from the military units assigned to Chagatai Khan (r. 1227–1241) by his father Genghis Khan.[2]
By the time of the rise of Timur in the mid-14th century, the Chagatai ulus included tribes of Mongol and Mongolic origin such as the Barlas, Arlat, Suldus, Jalair and Dughlat, as well as new tribal groupings formed within the Mongol Empire, such as the Qara'unas.[3]
Division into Chagatais (Timurids) and Moghuls
The Chagatai Khanate later divided into eastern and western parts. In the western part, the ethnonym Chagatai was used, whereas in the eastern part the ethnonym Moghul (the Persian form of the word “Mongol”) was used.[4]
Despite this division, the Chagatais and the Moghuls shared a common Chagatai-Mongol identity. The Moghul historian Muhammad Haidar Dughlat identified the Chagatais (Timurids) as Moghuls (Mongols). In his work Tarikh-i Rashidi, when discussing the four Chinggisid uluses (Northern Yuan, the Golden Horde, the Ilkhanate and the Chagatai ulus), he wrote:[4]
One of the four was the Moghul. The Moghul then became divided into two sections, the Moghuls and the Chaghatay.