Draft:Hyundai J engine

Apart from the 2.9L engine, the engines feature indirect injection and a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) that operates two valves per cylinder.^[1] The 2.9L variant features dual overhead camshafts (DOHC) and four valves per cylinder. In 2001, it switched from Direct injection via distributor pump to Common rail.^[2][3] It also features a turbocharger in all model years. These features made it the only variant of the series that was also used in passenger cars.

It also has a turbocharger. The engines are manufactured by KIA in South Korea.

The engine block is made of cast iron, its cylinder head of light alloy. The piston size and thus mass, due to the engine displacement, necessitates a balance shaft for smooth running. This is implemented in duplicate in the J3 (2.9 L), but is not mentioned for the JS, J2, and JT, suggesting its omission. The balance shafts in the J3 run in the opposite direction to the crankshaft, thus reducing noise that would otherwise result in energy losses in the single-digit horsepower range, which are also avoided in this way.^[4]

Power is transmitted from the crankshaft to the camshaft via a timing belt. Its replacement interval is every 90,000 km for the 2.9L engine and every 160,000 km for the 185 hp version. For the other variants, the owner's manual must be consulted due to a lack of online resources. The weight and idle speed of the engines were not published, and this also applies to the type of valve actuation, except for the 2.9L engine.

The valves of the 2.9L engine are actuated by roller rocker arms, which function like a rocker arm. The cam rests at the apex of the rocker arm. During its rotation, it pushes one side, and thus two valves, downwards, while on the other side, the hydraulic tappet, extended by an integrated spring, remains flush. This form of valve control is maintenance-free. Wear and tear would be indicated by a ticking noise.^[5]

For faster interior heating, only the Kia Carnival/Sedona (VQ, 2005–2014) Carnival III has an auxiliary heater for the coolant circuit. Other vehicles with J-series engines have a longer interior heating time, typical of diesel engines. The auxiliary heater is located in the engine compartment and additionally heats the coolant by burning diesel fuel. This allows the engine to reach operating temperature more quickly and the interior heating to become effective. This component is an essential part of a parking heater, which could thus be retrofitted cost-effectively. With the exception of the Hyundai KIA A-series, the manufacturer's other diesel models feature an electric auxiliary heater integrated into the interior ventilation airflow. While this would require a complete parking heater kit, it heats the interior air significantly faster.

Listed are the J-engines installed worldwide for each model; not all listed configurations are offered in every country.

The J-engines listed are not available in every country.

Hyundai Terracan

• Terracan HP
  • J3 CR (150 HP): 2002-2004
  • J3 CR (163 HP): 2004-2006

Kia Carnival

• Carnival UP
  • J3 TCI (126 HP): 1999-2001
• Carnival GQ
  • J3 CR (144 HP): 2002-2005
• Carnival VQ
  • J3 CR (185 HP): 2005-present (replaced in Europe by R 2.2 at the end of 2009)

Kia Besta

• Besta TA
  • JS: 1992-1997

Kia Pregio

• Pregio TB (still sold as Besta in some markets)
  • J2: 1997–2002
  • JT: 2002–2006

Kia Bongo

• K2700 K62W
  • J2 (83 hp): 1997–1999 (Euro 1 version)
• K2700 SD
  • J2 (80 hp): 1999–2004 (Euro 2 version; since the Euro 3 requirement in 2001, this vehicle is no longer available in Europe)
• K2700 TU
  • J2 (83 hp): 2000–2004
• K2700 PU
  • J2 (83 hp): 2004–present
• K2900 PU
  • J3 CR (125 hp): 2008–present
• K3000 / Frontier
  • JT (92 hp): 1997–2000
• K3000S / Frontier II
  • JT (85 hp): 2000–present