Drug-induced angioedema
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| Drug-induced angioedema | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Acquired angioedema |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Drug-induced angioedema is a known complication of the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists (ARBs), and some neprilysin inhibitors.[1][2] The angioedema appears to be dose dependent as it may resolve with decreased dose.[1]
Angioedema presents itself as an abrupt onset of non-pitting, non-itchy swelling that involves the mucosal layers. Some common locations of angioedema are the face, particularly the lips and around the eyes, hands and feet, and genitalia.[3] A rare, yet serious complication is one inside the abdomen, the symptom usually being severe stomach upset, which is much less obvious than the other locations.[4]
Risk factor
Some common ACE Inhibitors are:
- Benazepril (Lotensin)
- Captopril (Capoten)
- Enalapril (Vasotec)
- Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
- Ramipril (Altace)
Some common ARBs are:
- Candesartan (Atacand)
- Losartan (Cozaar)
- Olmesartan (Benicar)
- Valsartan (Diovan)
Incidence
Cases of drug-induced angioedema are uncommon, with studies showing an incidence of less than 1%.[5] The reason this adverse effect may occur is due to the build-up of bradykinin, a vasodilator. This causes blood vessels to dilate and allows for fluid buildup in the mucosal surfaces.