European Broadcasting Union

EBU members are public service media (PSM) broadcasters established by law but are non-partisan, independent, and run for the benefit of society as a whole.

EBU members come from as far north as Iceland and as far south as Algeria, from Portugal in the west to Azerbaijan in the east, and almost every nation from geographical Europe in between. Associate members from the United States include ABC, CBS, NBC, CPB, NPR, APM, and the only individual station, Chicago-based classical music radio WFMT.^[3]

Membership is for media organisations in countries within the European Broadcasting Area (EBA), as defined by the International Telecommunication Union, or who are members of the Council of Europe.^[6]

The statutory purpose of the European Broadcasting Union is to promote broadcasting, in particular

• promotion and development of the concept of public media (i.e. radio, television and other electronic media) and their values, in particular, universality, independence, quality, diversity, accountability and innovation, as stated in the Declaration on the Core Values of Public Media of the European Broadcasting Union.
• protecting and improving freedom of expression and information, which is one of the most important foundations of a democratic society and one of the fundamental conditions for its progress and development of every person.
• strengthening media freedom and pluralism, the free flow of information and ideas, and the free formation of opinions.
• the use and development of information and communication technologies as a means of realizing the right, regardless of State borders. express, seek, receive, and disseminate information and ideas, regardless of their source.
• development of cultural diversity, intercultural dialogue and exchanges in order to promote tolerance and solidarity.
• protecting and popularizing Europe's cultural heritage and developing its audiovisual creativity by providing an increasing selection of programs and services.
• strengthening the identity of peoples, social cohesion and integration of all individuals, groups and communities.
• meeting the expectations of the public in the information, educational, cultural and entertainment fields through the production and distribution of a wide range of high-quality programs.^[7]

The minimum membership fee in the European Broadcasting Union for a broadcasting organization is 45,000 Swiss francs, and the maximum is 4,000,000 Swiss francs.^[8]

Members benefit from:

• Access to content ranging from exclusive sports rights to exchanges for news, music, and children's programmes.
• Representatives in Brussels, and in other international arenas, lobbying for PSM and ensuring the optimal legal and technical framework for broadcasters.
• Opportunities for sharing, learning and collaborating through conferences, working groups, training, and dedicated advice and guidance.
• A centre for learning and sharing new technology and innovation with a team of experts providing strategic advice and guidance.

The EBU's highest-profile production is the Eurovision Song Contest. The EBU also organises the Junior Eurovision Song Contest, the Eurovision Young Musicians competition, and other competitions which are modeled along similar lines.

Radio collaborations include Euroclassic Notturno—an overnight classical music stream, produced by BBC Radio 3 and broadcast in the United Kingdom as Through the Night—and special theme days, such as the annual Christmas music relays from around Europe.^[9] The EBU is a member of the International Music Council.

Most EBU broadcasters have group deals to carry major sporting events including the FIFA World Cup and the inaugural European Championships. Another annually recurring event which is broadcast across Europe through the EBU is the Vienna New Year's Concert.^[10]

Eurovision Media Services is the business arm of the EBU and provides media services for many media organisations and sports federations around the world.

Logo used from 1994 to 17 June 2012

Logo used from 17 June 2012 to 31 December 2025

The EBU was a successor to the International Broadcasting Union (IBU) that was founded in 1925 and had its administrative headquarters in Geneva and technical office in Brussels.^[13] It fostered programming exchanges between members and mediated technical disputes between members that were mostly concerned with frequency and interference issues. It was in effect taken over by Nazi Germany during the Second World War, and thereafter the Allies viewed it as a compromised organisation that they could not trust.

In the spring of 1946, representatives of the Soviet radio committee proposed forming a new organisation; however, at the same time preparations were being made for an inter-governmental "European Broadcasting Conference" in Copenhagen in 1948 to draw up a new plan for frequency use in the European Broadcasting Area. It was considered necessary to have an organisation that could implement the "Copenhagen Wavelength Plan" but there was disagreement among broadcasters and particularly a fear expressed by the BBC that a new association might be dominated by the USSR and its proposal to give each of its constituent states one vote. France proposed that it would have four votes with the inclusion of its North African colonies. The United Kingdom felt it would have little influence with just one vote.

On 27 June 1946, the alternative International Broadcasting Organisation (IBO) was founded with 26 members and without British participation. The following day the IBU met in General Assembly and an attempt was made to dissolve it but failed; though 18 of its 28 members left to join the IBO.^[14] For a period of time in the late 1940s both the IBU and IBO vied for the role of organising frequencies but Britain decided not to be involved in either. The BBC attempted but failed to find suitable working arrangements with them. However, for practical purposes, the IBO rented the IBU technical centre in Brussels and employed its staff. The BBC then proposed a new solution based on the IBO changing its constitution so there will be only one member per International Telecommunication Union (ITU) country, thus ensuring a Western majority over the USSR and its satellite states. In August 1949 a meeting took place in Stresa, Italy, but it resulted in disagreement between delegates on how to resolve the problems. One proposal was for the European Broadcasting Area to be replaced by one that would exclude Eastern Europe, the Levant, and North Africa.

After Stresa, a consensus emerged among the Western Europeans to form a new organisation and the BBC proposed it be based in London. Meetings in Paris on 31 October and 1 November 1949 sealed the fate of the IBU and IBO, but it was decided not to allow any broadcaster from West Germany to be a founder of the new organisation. On 13 February 1950 the European Broadcasting Union had its first meeting with 23 members from the ITU defined European Broadcasting Area at the Imperial Hotel in Torquay, United Kingdom. The first president was Ian Jacob of the BBC who remained at the helm for ten years while its operation was largely dominated by the BBC due to its financial, technical, and staff input. The most important difference between the EBU and its predecessors was that EBU membership was for broadcasters and not governments. Early delegates said EBU meetings were cordial and professional and very different from the abrupt tone of its predecessors. Broadcasters from West Germany were admitted since 1951 and a working relationship forged with its Eastern counterpart, the International Radio and Television Organisation (OIRT), which existed in parallel with the EBU until its merger on 1 January 1993.^[14]

Sunday, June 6, 1954, became the official date of the creation of the Eurovision television program exchange system,^[15] when at 4:30 p.m^[16] Central European time, the first live broadcast from Montreux, Switzerland, from the Daffodil Festival, a flower festival held every two years since the end of the 19th century (1897), took place under its auspices the year in honor of the return of spring.^[16][17] On the same day, at 19:00 Central European time, a broadcast was organized from the Vatican — a visit to the Apostolic Palace (Sixtus V Palace) and St. Peter's Cathedral, which ended with a sermon by Pope Pius XII on television and a blessing in six languages.^[18][16]

In 1956, the Eurovision Song Contest was first held, broadcast in 10 European countries.^[19] An important event was the coverage of the first Olympic Games for the network, the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo. During the 13 days of the Games, more than 54 programs were broadcast on the network with the participation of the main broadcaster, the Italian RAI. During the Olympic exchange, Eastern European broadcasters from the GDR and Czechoslovakia temporarily joined the network for the first time. The landmark events broadcast on the network in 1956 also include the wedding of Prince Rainier II and Grace Kelly, broadcast with the participation of the Monaco RMC, and the broadcast of the Tour de France cycling race on the continental air.^[20]

In 1958, the first news exchange was carried out between EBU member broadcasters through live broadcasts from the Vatican dedicated to the death of Pope Pius XII.^[19] At the same time, in October 1958, test news exchanges were conducted with the involvement of five EBU member broadcasters. In 1959, repeated test exchanges took place, and the number of test participants increased to seven. On May 29, 1961, the news content exchange "Eurovision News" began its work in the format of a daily feed under the name "EVN-1". At 5 p.m. Central European time, the participants of the exchange transmitted news and sports materials, the possibility of using which was then discussed at a radio conference under the direction of a news coordinator from the European Broadcasting Union. At the same time, if possible, the video materials had to be transmitted without voiceover and without the presence of reporters in the frame, and their brief text description was transmitted via telex.^[21]

By 1964, 21 EBU members were involved in the exchange of news, transmitting and accepting 1,134 pieces of content. On January 1, 1968, at 6:30 p.m. Central European time, a new exchange channel "EVN-2" was opened, used to transmit color television broadcasting materials. In 1974, the exchange volume amounted to 5,000 pieces of content, and the number of exchange channels reached three - "EVN-0" was added.^[21] In the early years of the Eurovision network, up to 55 percent of the content transmitted on it was sports broadcasts., but with the deployment of the news exchange, the share of news and current content has displaced sports content, taking up 60 percent of the total amount of material transmitted over the network.^[20] By 1995, the number of exchange channels had reached nine.^[21]

In 1967, the first concert in the International Concert Season of the European Broadcasting Union was broadcast from the Queen Elizabeth Hall in London.^[22]

In 1989, the Euroradio exchange system was launched. The purpose of the launch was to "ensure the international exchange of high-quality digital audio programs". In 1994, the exchange of radio programs in digital quality began through the ERC (Eurovision Radio Center) control center located in Geneva, Switzerland.^[23]

The growing deregulation of national media systems has enormously changed the media landscape in Europe. Faced with growing competition and interest in membership from commercial broadcasters in most European countries, in 1990 the EBU emphasized its status as an organization of public broadcasters in its Marina Charter. Although its television broadcasts were previously based on free data exchange systems between active participants, the EBU commercialized its activities (Eurovision Network Services) and began selling broadcast rights to broadcasters outside the Union in 1994.^[23]

In 2021, the digital news service "European Perspective" was launched, designed to offer citizens multilingual coverage of major events, based on content created by 12 public media outlets distributed in the format of a joint online feed, using automatic tools for personalized recommendations of the EBU "PEACH" content, filters to identify the most interesting topics, and a news translation tool. translated into foreign languages by EuroVOX. In the first 8 months of the project's existence, 6.5 thousand articles were published.^[24]

In 2022, the Eurovision Documentary Development Scheme (EDDS) program was launched in order to organize the joint production of documentaries and TV series, which was joined by 27 broadcasters from 15 countries.^[25]

In April 2025, the EBU, in partnership with its Members, launched Eurovision News Spotlight, a collaborative network for fact-checking and open-source intelligence (OSINT) to actively combat online falsehoods and misinformation across Europe.^[26]

The objective of the EBU's technical activities is simply to assist EBU Members (see below) in this period of unprecedented technological changes. This includes the provision of technical information to Members via conferences and workshops, as well as in written form (such as the EBU Technical Review, and the EBU tech-i magazine).

The EBU also encourages active collaboration between its Members on the basis that they can freely share their knowledge and experience, thus achieving considerably more than individual Members could achieve by themselves. Much of this collaboration is achieved through Project Groups which study specific technical issues of common interest: for example, EBU Members have long been preparing for the revision of the 1961 Stockholm Plan.

The EBU places great emphasis on the use of open standards. Widespread use of open standards (such as MPEG-2, DAB, DVB, etc.) ensures interoperability between products from different vendors, as well as facilitating the exchange of programme material between EBU Members and promoting "horizontal markets" for the benefit of all consumers.

EBU Members and the EBU Technical Department have long played an important role in the development of many systems used in radio and television broadcasting, such as:

• The AES/EBU digital audio interface, formally known as AES3;
• Serial and parallel interfaces for digital video (ITU-R Recommendations 601 and 656);
• RDS – the radio data system used on FM broadcasting.
• The EBU Loudness Recommendation R 128 and 'EBU Mode' meters (EBU Tech 3341)

The EBU has also actively encouraged the development and implementation of:

• Digital radio (DAB) through Eureka Project 147 and the WorldDAB Forum.
• DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting) through the DVB Project and DigiTAG.
• Digital radio in the bands currently used for AM broadcasting through Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM).
• Standardisation of PVR systems through the TV-Anytime Forum.
• Development of other content distribution networks on the internet through P2PTV; EBU Project Group D/P2P, from November 2007 to April 2008, with a trial of selected member channels, thanks to Octoshape's distribution platform.^[27] The EBU is also part of the European P2P-Next project.

The highest body is the General Assembly, the General Assembly, consisting of representatives of member organizations. The General Assembly has all the powers necessary to achieve the objectives of the EBU, as well as the inherent powers to oversee all other bodies of the union. It is authorized to resolve issues of approving the organization's budget for the next financial year, determining the amount of membership fees and other mandatory payments, forming the Executive Committee, electing senior officials of the union, admitting, suspending or expelling broadcasting organizations from membership in the union, and other issues stipulated by the EBU charter, as well as those eligible for inclusion on the agenda. on the recommendation of the Executive Committee.^[28]

Since 2007, the General Assembly has been meeting twice a year^[29], for a summer session (usually in late June or early July) and a winter session (usually in late November or early December).^[30] The summer session is open to EBU member and associates^[28] and is held on the territory of one of the union's members^[30], while it is allowed to hold part of the session in closed mode only in the presence of union members.The winter session is open only to member organizations^[28] and is held in Geneva.^[30] By decision of the EBU President, external experts or observers may be invited to the General Assembly session to participate in individual meetings (for example, RTK, the Kosovo broadcasting organization, for the 2023 winter session)^[31] The General Assembly may be convened for an extraordinary session, which may be attended only by EBU members.^[28]

An executive committee, elected by the General Assembly, functions on a permanent basis between the general meetings.The Executive Committee is formed in order to assume responsibility under the supervision of the General Assembly for the implementation of the objectives of the European Broadcasting Union, either directly or through the competent authorities or permanent services of the EBU. To this end, the Executive Committee has a wide range of powers: it submits recommendations to the General Assembly on the EBU development strategy, on the inclusion, suspension and exclusion of broadcasting organizations from the union, on the structure and number of relevant committees, submits five-year strategic and budgetary plans, appoints the Director General on the proposal of the EBU President and independently decides on the termination of his powers, regulates the criteria for membership in the EBU, has the right to single-handedly apply sanctions, up to a ban on participation in certain events and meetings., including participation in the Eurovision television exchange and Euroradio radio exchange systems, and a ban on the nomination of broadcaster officials to the EBU governing bodies (but does not have the right to prohibit a member's participation in the General Assembly), and exercises other powers provided for in the EBU charter.^[28]

In its modern form, the Executive Committee has existed since January 1, 2008, having emerged by combining two governing bodies - the Administrative Council (endowed with executive functions since 1950) and the President - into a single executive body.^[29] The Executive Committee consists of 11 members elected from the EBU member delegations. The Executive Committee is formed taking into account the mandatory presence of representatives of the "main participants" of the EBU, but should also reflect geographical and cultural diversity. The Executive Committee is elected for a two-year term and holds approximately seven meetings per year.^[28]

For the period 2025-2026, the Executive Committee is composed of^[32][33]:

Five EBU bodies are directly accountable to the Executive Committee: the Audit Committee and the Human Resources Committee, which are composed of the members of the Executive Committee themselves, two expert groups — the statutory (legal) group and the financial group, and the Sports Investment Council, which reports to the Executive Committee only on the acquisition of sports rights for specific projects.^[32]

The top officials are the President and the Director General . The President of the EBU exercises general management of the Union and controls its activities, chairs and moderates meetings of the General Assembly and the Executive Committee, and is ex officio a member of the Executive Committee with the right to assign assignments to committee members. Since January 1, 2021, Delphine Ernotte Cunci (France) has been acting as President of the EBU.^[34] In case of absence or incapacity of the President, his powers are exercised by the Vice President. Since November 30, 2023, the powers of the EBU Vice-President have been performed by Cilla Benkö Lamborn (Sweden).^[35]

The Director General of the EBU manages the permanent services of the European Broadcasting Union. The permanent services of the EBU are designed to ensure the practical implementation of the objectives of the union under the guidance of the competent authorities of the EBU, namely, advising the bodies of the EBU, broadcasting member organizations and partners, projects and the implementation of operational activities.^[28] Since September 2017, the powers of the Director General of the EBU have been exercised by Noel Curran (Ireland).^[36]

The main office of the EBU is located in Geneva (Since 1950, the office has been located at Rue de Varembé 1, from 1978 to the present — at L'Ancienne-Route 17A).^[37] Additional offices and representative offices operate in Brussels, New York, Rome, Moscow and Washington.^[38] The EBU Technical Center is also located in Geneva.^[37]

The Charter of the European Broadcasting Union provides for two main forms of participation in the activities of the EBU:^[28]

• membership (called "active membership" until December 3, 2015)
• partnership (associate) (called "associate membership" until December 3, 2015)^[66]

Current members

The members of the EBU are broadcasting organizations or groups of broadcasting organizations that meet all the technical and legal criteria for membership^[67] and operate on the territory of the member States of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) located in the European Broadcasting Area (EBA), or in a member state of the Council of Europe located outside the EBA.^[28]

The general conditions for a broadcasting organization to obtain membership in the EBU are:

• the broadcasting organization has the function of carrying out public broadcasting. This function should be fixed in the law on the broadcasting organization, its charter or in any other legal way.
• provision of broadcasting services of a national nature and importance by a broadcasting organization with the permission of the competent authorities. The concept of "national character and importance" is revealed in the detailed membership criteria.
• the broadcasting organization provides diverse and balanced programs for all segments of the population, including programs that take into account the special interests of various segments of the population and minorities.
• the broadcasting organization produces and/or orders a significant part of the programs at its own expense and under its own editorial control.
• virtually all households in the country from which the broadcasting organization originates are able to receive all major radio or television programs in full with satisfactory technical quality.
• the broadcasting organization is not affiliated with an agency that competes with the European Broadcasting Union in the field of acquiring rights to broadcast sports events.
• a broadcasting organization can demonstrate its ability to fulfill its membership obligations (act to achieve the statutory goals of the EBU, actively contribute to the exchange of television and radio broadcasts, as well as to events held by the EBU; respect the spirit of solidarity and integrity towards the EBU, its activities and its members, including compliance with the EBU Charter and Rules and its contractual obligations imposed on behalf of its members; to refrain from actions that may harm public broadcasting organizations or are incompatible with the objectives of the EBU; to provide the necessary documentation or information necessary to establish the compliance of the broadcasting organization's activities with its obligations under membership in the EBU).^[28]

A broadcasting organization is accepted as a member of the EBU on the basis of a decision of the General Assembly, adopted by an absolute majority of votes on the issue that a candidate meets all the conditions of membership, based on proposals from the Executive Board.^[28]

EBU members receive the right to access Eurovision television content exchange networks and Euroradio radio content exchange networks.^[28]

Starting from December 4, 2024, the EBU provides for a special type of membership - an international member. This status is available to broadcasting organizations (or groups of such organizations) engaged in pan-European or transnational activities that are coordinated and/or funded by at least two EBU member organizations. At the same time, such an organization should actively contribute to achieving the goals of the EBU and respecting its values, as well as carry out broadcasting activities that complement the offerings of its founding broadcasters with a wide range of programs, namely materials about culture, fiction, documentaries, news and reviews of current events. (Article 3.6a of the new edition of the EBU Charter).^[28] Since January 1, 2025, the French-German broadcasting organization ARTE has become the first international member of the EBU, broadcasting documentaries, feature films and news programs.^[68][69]

As of June 2024^[update], the list of EBU members comprises the following 75 broadcasting companies from 56 countries.^[2]

More information Country, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.	Year
Albania	Albanian Radio-Television (Radio Televizioni Shqiptar)	RTSH	1999
Algeria	Public Establishment of Television (المؤسّسة العمومية للتلفزيون, Établissement public de télévision)	EPTV	1970
	National Sound Broadcasting Company (المؤسسة العمومية للبث الإذاعي, Entreprise nationale de radiodiffusion sonore)	ENRS
	Algerian Broadcasting Company (البث الإذاعي والتلفزي الجزائري, Télédiffusion d'Algérie)	TDA
Andorra	Radio and Television of Andorra (Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra)	RTVA	2002
Armenia	Public Television Company of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրային Հեռուստաընկերություն, Hayastani Hanrayin Herrustaynkerut'yun)	ARMTV ՀՀՀ	2005
	Public Radio of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրային Ռադիո, Hayastani Hanrayin Radio)	ARMR
Austria	Österreichischer Rundfunk	ORF	1953
Azerbaijan	İctimai Televiziya və Radio Yayımları Şirkəti: İctimai Televiziya (İctimai Television, İTV) İctimai Radio (İR)	İCTI/İTV	2007
Belgium	Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie	VRT	1950
	Radio-Télévision Belge de la Communauté Française	RTBF
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Radio and Television of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosanskohercegovačka radiotelevizija)	BHRT	1993
Bulgaria	Bulgarian National Radio (Българско национално радио, Bǎlgarsko nacionalno radio)	BNR БНР	1993
	Bulgarian National Television (Българска национална телевизия, Balgarska natsionalna televizia)	BNT БНТ
Croatia	Croatian Radiotelevision (Hrvatska radiotelevizija)	HRT	1993
Cyprus	Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (Ραδιοφωνικό Ίδρυμα Κύπρου, Radiofonikó Ídryma Kýprou, Kıbrıs Radyo Yayın Kurumu)	CyBC ΡΊΚ RKYK	1969
Czech Republic	Český rozhlas	ČRo	1993
	Česká televize	ČT
Denmark	Danmarks Radio	DR	1950
	TV2 Danmark	DK/TV2	1989
Egypt	National Media Authority (الهيئة الوطنية للإعلام)	NTU	1985
Estonia	Eesti Rahvusringhääling: Eesti Raadio (ER) Eesti Televisioon (ETV)	ERR	1993
Finland	Yleisradio (Rundradion)	Yle	1950
France	Groupe de Radiodiffusion Française: France Télévisions (FTV) Radio France (RF) France Médias Monde (FMM)	GRF	1950
	Arte	ARTE	2024
Georgia	Georgian Public Broadcaster (საქართველოს საზოგადოებრივი მაუწყებელი, sakartvelos sazogadoebrivi mauts'q'ebeli)	GPB სსმ	2005
Germany	Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (The Working Group of Public Broadcasters in the Federal Republic of Germany, ARD): Bayerischer Rundfunk (Bavarian Broadcasting: BR) Hessischer Rundfunk (Hessian Broadcasting: HR) Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (Central German Broadcasting: MDR) Norddeutscher Rundfunk (Northern German Broadcasting: NDR) Radio Bremen (RB) Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (Berlin-Brandenburg Broadcasting: RBB) Saarländischer Rundfunk (Saarland Broadcasting: SR) Südwestrundfunk (Southwest Broadcasting: SWR) Westdeutscher Rundfunk (West German Broadcasting: WDR) Deutsche Welle (German Wave: DW) Deutschlandradio (Radio Germany: DLR)	ARD	1952
	Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (Second German Television)	ZDF	1963
Greece	Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation (Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόραση, Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi)	ERT	1950–2013, 2015
Hungary	Médiaszolgáltatás-támogató és Vagyonkezelő Alap (Media Support and Asset Management Fund): Duna Médiaszolgáltató (Duna Media Service Provider)	MTVA	2014
Iceland	Ríkisútvarpið	RÚV	1956
Ireland	Raidió Teilifís Éireann	RTÉ	1950
	TG4	TG4	2007
Israel	Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (תַּאֲגִיד הַשִׁיְדּוּר הַיִשְׂרָאֵלִי, Taʾăḡid HaŠidûr HaYiśrāʾēli) (هَيْئَة اَلْبَثّ اَلْإِسْرَائِيلي, Hayʾat al-Baṯṯ al-Isrāʾīlī)	KAN	2017
Italy	RAI – Radiotelevisione Italiana	RAI	1950
Jordan	Jordan Radio and Television Corporation (مؤسسة الإذاعة والتلفزيون الأردني)	JRTV	1970
Latvia	Public Broadcasting of Latvia (Latvijas Sabiedriskie mediji): Latvijas Televīzija (LTV) Latvijas Radio (LR)	LSM	1993
Lebanon	Télé Liban (تلفزيون لبنان)	TL	1950
Libya	Libya National Channel (قناة ليبيا الوطنية)	LNC	2011
Lithuania	Lithuanian National Radio and Television (Lietuvos nacionalinis radijas ir televizija)	LRT	1993
Luxembourg	RTL Group	RTL	1950
	Média de Service Public 100,7 (radio 100,7)	MSP	2022
Malta	Public Broadcasting Services	PBS	1970
Moldova	Compania Națională "Teleradio-Moldova"	TRM	1993
Monaco	Monaco Media Diffusion	MMD	1994
	TVMonaco	TVM	2024
Montenegro	Radio i televizija Crne Gore (Радио и телевизија Црне Горе)	RTCG РТЦГ	2006
Morocco	Société Nationale de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision (الشَرِكَة الوَطَنِيَّة لِلْإِذَاعَة وَالتَلْفَزَة, ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵡⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ)	SNRT	1950
Netherlands	Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (Dutch Public Broadcaster): AVROTROS BNNVARA Evangelische Omroep (Evangelical Broadcasting: EO) Humanistische Omroep (Humanist Broadcasting: HUMAN) KRO-NCRV MAX Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (Dutch Broadcasting Foundation: NOS) NTR Ongehoord Nederland (Unheard Netherlands: ON) PowNed Stichting Ether Reclame (Foundation for Ether Advertisement: STER) VPRO WNL Omroep Zwart (Broadcaster Black)	NPO	1950
North Macedonia	Makedonska radio-televizija (Македонска радио-телевизија)	MRT МРТ	1993
Norway	Norsk Rikskringkasting	NRK	1950
	TV 2 Group (TV 2 Gruppen)	NO/TV2	1993
Poland	Telewizja Polska	TVP	1993
	Polskie Radio	PR
Portugal	Rádio e Televisão de Portugal	RTP	1950
Romania	Societatea Română de Radiodifuziune	ROR	1993
	Societatea Română de Televiziune	RO/TVR
San Marino	San Marino RTV	SMRTV	1995
Serbia	Radio-televizija Srbije (Радио-телевизија Србије)	RTS РТС	2006
Slovakia	Slovak Television and Radio (Slovenská televízia a rozhlas)	STVR	2024
Slovenia	Radiotelevizija Slovenija	RTVSLO	1993
Spain	Radiotelevisión Española	RTVE	1955
Sweden	Sveriges Rundradiotjänst: Sveriges Television (SVT) Sveriges Radio (SR) Sveriges Utbildningsradio (UR)	SRT	1950
Switzerland	Swiss Broadcasting Corporation: Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) Radio Télévision Suisse (RTS) Radiotelevisione svizzera (RSI) Radiotelevisiun Svizra Rumantscha (RTR)	SRG SSR	1950
Tunisia	Établissement de la Radio Tunisienne (مؤسسة الإذاعة التونسية)	RTT	2007
	Établissement de la Télévision Tunisienne (مؤسسة التلفزة التونسية)
Turkey	Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu	TRT	1950
Ukraine	National Public Broadcasting Company of Ukraine (Національна суспільна телерадіокомпанія України, Natsionalna Suspilna Teleradiokompaniya Ukrayiny)	SU	1993
United Kingdom	British Broadcasting Corporation	BBC	1950
	United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting: ITV plc (UKIB/ITV) STV Group (UKIB/STV) Channel Four Television Corporation (UKIB/C4) S4C (UKIB/S4C)	UKIB	1981
Vatican City	Vatican Radio (Radio Vaticana, Statio Radiophonica Vaticana)	VR	1950

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Suspended members

In accordance with paragraph 5.13 of the EBU Charter, in the event that, due to exceptional circumstances, an EBU Member or Associate is in the process of reorganization or in another state of structural change, is being replaced or has been completely/partially replaced by another organization or does not fully comply with the terms of participation in the EBU, the Executive Board may, at its discretion, make an interim decision which allows you to continue or suspend the membership status of such a member.^[28]

In case of suspension of membership status, an EBU Member or Associate is not entitled to vote at EBU meetings under certain conditions, and his obligation to pay membership fees and subscriptions is temporarily terminated. During the suspension, cooperation with the EBU regarding the provision of services (for example, sports or informational content) is carried out on a contractual basis. The suspension decision is valid until the next session of the EBU General Assembly, however, the Assembly is authorized to extend the suspension of a participant for any period of time deemed appropriate.^[28]

It is not possible to participate in EBU events (for example, the Eurovision Song Contest) during the suspension.^[70]

More information Country, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.	Year	Suspended
Belarus	National State TV and Radio Company of the Republic of Belarus	BTRC	1993	2021[49]
Russia	Channel One Russia	C1R	1996	2022[70][71]
	All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company	RTR	1993
	Radio Dom Ostankino: Radio Mayak (MK) Radio Orpheus (OP)	RDO	1996

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The decision to suspend BTRC's membership was made by the EBU Executive Board at a meeting on May 28, 2021. In a statement posted on the official website on the same day, it was reported that the Belarusian broadcaster has two weeks to provide explanations before the suspension takes effect.^[72] At the end of the 86th EBU General Assembly, which confirmed the earlier decision of the Executive Board, the suspension came into force on July 1, 2021.^[73] In an interview with the Belarus Today website published on July 1, 2021, BTRK CEO Ivan Eismont said that "for now, we are talking about putting our relations on pause for three years."^[74] At the same time, there is no information about the timing of the suspension in the official public statements of the European Broadcasting Union. On April 23, 2024, information appeared about the position of the European Broadcasting Union regarding BTRK, set out in a response to the ESC Discord service, according to which the suspension of the broadcaster is indefinite.^[75]

The decision to suspend the membership of Russian broadcasters was taken by the EBU Executive Board at a meeting on May 26, 2022, entered into force immediately, is indefinite and subject to periodic review.^[70]

Past members

More information Country, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.	From	To
Algeria	Radiodiffusion-Télévision Algérienne	RTA	1970	1989
Belgium	National Institute of Radio Broadcasting (Institut national de radiodiffusion, INR; Nationaal Instituut voor de Radio-Omroep, NIR)	INR-NIR	1950	1960
Czechoslovakia	Czechoslovak Television (Československá televize)	ČST	1991[76]	1992[a]
Egypt	Egyptian State Broadcasting	ESB	1950	1958
	Egyptian Radio and Television Union	ERTU	1985	2017
Estonia	Eesti Raadio	ER	1993	2007
	Eesti Televisioon	EE/ETV
Finland	MTV3	FI/MTV	1993	2019[77]
France	Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française	RTF	1950	1964
	Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française	ORTF	1964	1975
	Télédiffusion de France	TDF	1975	1982
	TF1	TF1	1975	2018
	Europe 1	E1	1978	2022
	Organisme Français de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision	OFRT	1983	1992[b]
	Canal+	C+	1984	2018
Greece	New Hellenic Radio, Internet and Television (Νέα Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία, Ίντερνετ και Τηλεόραση, Néa Ellinikí Radiofonía, Ínternet kai Tileórasi)	NERIT	2014	2015[c]
Hungary	Duna TV	Duna	2013	2015[d]
	Magyar Rádió	MR	1993
	Magyar Televízió	MTV
Israel	Kol Yisrael — Israel Broadcasting Service	IBS	1957	1965
	Israel Broadcasting Authority (רָשׁוּת השִּׁדּוּר, Rashút HaShidúr)	IBA	1965	2017[e]
Jordan	Jordan Television Corporation	JTV	1970	1985
Libya	Libyan Jamahiriya Broadcasting Corporation (الجماهيرية اللّيبيّة)	LJBC	1974	2011
Luxembourg	Établissement de Radiodiffusion Socioculturelle du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg	ERSL	1996	2022[f]
Malta	Maltese Broadcasting Authority	MBA	1970	2003
Monaco	Groupement de Radiodiffuseurs Monégasques: Radio Monte Carlo (RMC) Télé Monte-Carlo (TMC)	GRMC	1950	2021
	Telemontecarlo (now La7)	TMC	1981	2001
Morocco	Radiodiffusion Nationale Marocaine	RNM	1956	1961
	Radiodiffusion-Télévision Marocaine	MA/RTM	1969	2005
Netherlands	Dutch Radio Union (Nederlandse Radio Unie)	NRU	1947	1967[g]
	Nederlandse Televisie Stichting (Dutch Television Foundation)	NTS	1951
	TROS	TROS	1964	2014[h]
Portugal	Emissora Nacional	EN	1950	1976
	Radiodifusão Portuguesa SA	RDP	1976	2007
Russia	Russian State TV and Radio Company «Ostankino»	RTO	1993	1995[i]
Serbia and Montenegro	Udruženje javnih radija i televizija (Alliance of Public Radios and Televisions)	UJRT	2001	2006[j]
Slovakia	Slovenský rozhlas	SRo	1993	2011[k]
	Slovenská televízia	STV
	Radio and Television of Slovakia (Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska)	RTVS	2011	2024[l]
Spain	Antena 3 Radio	A3R	1986	1993
	Radio Popular SA COPE	COPE	1998	2019[78]
	Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión	SER	1982	2020
Sweden	TV4	SE/TV4	2004	2019[79]
Tunisia	Radiodiffusion-Télévision Tunisienne	RTT	1957	1990
	Établissement de la radiodiffusion-télévision tunisienne (Tunisian Radio and Television Establishment)	ERTT	1990	2007[m]
Ukraine	Derzhkomteleradio	DRTU	1993	1995
	National Public Broadcasting Company of Ukraine	NTU	1995	2017
	National Radio Company of Ukraine	NRU
United Kingdom	Independent Television Authority	ITA	1959	1972
	Independent Television Companies Association	ITCA	1959	1981
	Independent Broadcasting Authority	IBA	1972	1981[n]
	Commercial Radio Companies Association (now Radiocentre)	CRCA	1981[o]	2006
Yugoslavia	Jugoslavenska radio-televizija / Jugoslovenska radio-televizija (Југославенска радио-телевизија / Југослoвенска радио-телевизија)	JRT	1950	21/05/1992[81]

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Associate members

Any group or organisation from an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) member country, which provides a radio or television service outside of the European Broadcasting Area, is permitted to submit applications to the EBU for Associate Membership.^[82]

It is also noted by the EBU that any broadcaster that is granted Associate Member status does not gain access into Eurovision events^[3] – notable exceptions being those from Australia, who have participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since 2015 and the Junior Eurovision Song Contest between 2015 and 2019; Canada, who participated in the Eurovision Young Dancers between 1987 and 1989; and Kazakhstan, who participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest between 2018 and 2022 – all of which were individually invited.

The decision on the usefulness of a broadcasting organization as an EBU Associate is made by the EBU General Assembly solely at its discretion, taking into account the recommendation of the EBU Executive Board. In turn, the Executive Board is required to verify the compliance of the EBU Associate with their status every five years.^[28]

EBU Associates can access Eurovision television content exchange networks and Euroradio radio content exchange networks on a contractual basis. The terms of the agreement are reviewed annually by the EBU Executive Board. Associates have the right to receive documentation and attend events related to the EBU Summer General Assembly, as well as thematic assemblies in the sectors of Radio, Television, Legal and Public Relations, Technical and International Broadcasting.^[28]

The list of Associate Members of EBU comprised the following 30 broadcasting companies from 20 countries as of June 2024^[update].^[3]

More information Country, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.	Year
Australia	Australian Broadcasting Corporation	ABC	1950
	Special Broadcasting Service	SBS	1979
Bangladesh	Bangladesh Television	BTV	1974
Brazil	TV Cultura (Fundação Padre Anchieta)	FPA	2012
Canada	Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Société Radio-Canada)	CBC	1950
Chile	Canal 13	C13	1971
China	China Media Group (中央广播电视总台)	CMG	2010
	Shanghai Media Group (上海文化廣播影視集團有限公司)	SMG	2016
Cuba	Cuban Institute of Radio and Television (Instituto Cubano de Radio y Televisión)	ICRT	1992
Georgia	Teleimedi	TEME	2004
	Rustavi 2 (რუსთავი 2)	RB	2003
Hong Kong	Radio Television Hong Kong (香港電台)	RTHK	1983
Iran	Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (صدا و سيمای جمهوری اسلامی ايران)	IRIB	1968
Japan	Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (日本放送協会)	NHK	1951
	TBS Holdings (TBSホールディングス)	TBS	2000
Kazakhstan	Khabar Agency ("Хабар" Агенттігі, Агентство «Хабар»)	KA	2016
Malaysia	Radio Television of Malaysia (Radio Televisyen Malaysia, راديو تيليۏيشن مليسيا)	RTM	1970
Mauritius	Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation	MBC	1980
Nepal	Association of Community Radio Broadcasters Nepal	ACORAB	2023
New Zealand	Radio New Zealand (Te Reo Irirangi o Aotearoa)	RNZ	1950
	Television New Zealand (Te Reo Tātaki o Aotearoa)	TVNZ	1980
Oman	Public Authority for Radio and TV of Oman	PART	1976
South Korea	Korean Broadcasting System (한국방송공사)	KBS	1974
Syria	General Organization of Radio and TV (Organisation de la Radio-Télévision Arabe Syrienne, الهيئة العامة للإذاعة والتلفزيون – سورية)	ORTAS	1978
United States	American Broadcasting Company	ABC	1959
	American Public Media	APM	2004
	Columbia Broadcasting System	CBS	1956
	National Public Radio	NPR	1971
	National Broadcasting Company	NBC	1953
	WFMT Radio Network	WFMT	1980

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Past associate members

The list of past associate members of EBU comprises the following 95 broadcasting companies from 55 countries and 1 autonomous territory.^{[83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96]}

More information Country, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.	From	To
Argentina	Canal 7	C7	1970	1999
	El Trece	C13	1973	1999
Australia	Australian Fine Music Network	AFMN	2008	2010
	FreeTV Australia	Free	1962	2024
Bahamas	Broadcasting Corporation of The Bahamas	BCB	1975	1999
Barbados	Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation	BB/CBC	1971	2005
Benin	Radiodiffusion du Dahomey	RD	1972	1975
Brazil	Associação Brasileira das Emissoras de Rádio e Televisão	ABERT	1962	1980
	Diários Associados	DA	1950	1980
	Emissoras Unidas de Rádio e Televisão	EURT	1961	1969
	TV Globo	GLOBO	1970	1999
	Network of Independent Broadcasters (Rede de Emissoras Independentes)	REI	1974	1975
	Rádio Nacional	RN	1974	1975
Canada	CTV Television Network	CTV	1969	1999
	Agency for Tele-Education in Canada	ATEC	1975	1981
Chad	Chadian National Radio (Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne)	RNT	1955	1974
Chile	Televisión Nacional de Chile	TVN	1970	1999
Colombia	Instituto Nacional de Radio y Televisión	IRV	1970	1999
Congo	Radiodiffusion Télévision Congolaise	RTC	1974	2009
Costa Rica	Telesistema Nacional S.R.L.	TSN	1969	1971
Ecuador	Teleamazonas	4TA	1975	1999
Gabon	Radiodiffusion-Télévision Gabonaise	RTG	1960	2009
Gambia	Gambia Radio & Television Service	GRTS	1962	2010
Ghana	Ghana Broadcasting Corporation	GBC	1953	1990
Greenland	Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa (Greenlandic Broadcasting Corporation)	KNR	1978	2011
Guyana	Guyana Broadcasting Service	GBS	1977	2009
Haiti	Service des Télécommunications		1950	1969
Honduras	Televisora de Honduras, S.A.	TH	1969	1971
Hong Kong	Asia Television (亞洲電視有限公司)	ATV	1957	2010
	Television Broadcasts Limited	TVB	1973	2012/2013
India	All India Radio	AIR	1979	2021
Indonesia	Radio Republik Indonesia	RRI	1973	1981
	Televisi Republik Indonesia	TVRI	1973	1981
Iraq	Iraqi Broadcasting and Television Establishment	IBTE
Ivory Coast	Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne	RTI	1961	2010
Jamaica	Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation	JBC	1970	1981
Japan	Mainichi Broadcasting System (株式会社毎日放送, Kabushiki-gaisha Mainichi Hōsō)	MBS	1970	2009
	TV Asahi	ANB	1960	2009
	Fuji Television	FTN	1969	2012/2013
	National Association of Commercial Broadcasters in Japan	NACB	1984	2012/2013
	Nippon Television Network Corporation (日本テレビ放送網株式会社, Nihon Terebi Hōsōmō kabushiki gaisha)	NTV	1953	2009
	Tokyo FM	TFM	1986	2021
Kenya	The Voice of Kenya	VK	1964	2010
Kuwait	Kuwait Broadcasting and Television Service	KBTS	1970	2010
Liberia	Liberian Broadcasting Corporation	LBC	1964	1981
Madagascar	Radiodiffusion-Télévision de Madagascar	RTM	1971	2010
Malawi	Malawi Broadcasting Corporation	MBC	1964	2010
Mauritania	Television of Mauritania	MR/TVM	2003	2013
Mexico	Telesistema Mexicano	TSM	1960	1973
	Televisión Independiente de México (Mexican Independent Television)	TIM	1969	1973
	Tele-Cadena Mexicana	TCM	1969	1973
	Televisa SA de CV	TVA	1973	2005
	Corporación Mexicana de Radio y Televisión	CMRT	1973	1999
Nepal	Nepal Television (नेपाल टेलिभिजन)	NTVC	1985	2010
Niger	Office de radiodiffusion et Télévision du Niger	ORTN	1967	1981
Nigeria	Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation	NBC	1962	2010
Pakistan	Radio Pakistan (ریڈیو پاکستان)	RP	1950	1974
	Pakistan Television Corporation (پاکستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک)	PK/PTV	1971	2010
Palestine	Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation (هيئة الإذاعة والتلفزيون الفلسطينية)	PBC	2002	2014
Papua New Guinea	National Broadcasting Corporation	NBC	1977	2015
Peru	Teledos	T2	1969	1971
	Compañía Peruana de Radiodifusión	AMÉRICA	1969	1999
	Panamericana Televisión	PANTEL	1969	1999
Qatar	Qatar Television and Broadcasting Service	QTBC	1973	2009
	Al Jazeera Children's Channel (قناة الجزيرة للأطفال)	JCC	2008	2013
	Qatar Radio (إذاعة قطر)	QR	2009	2009
Saudi Arabia	Saudi Arabian Broadcasting and Television Service	SABTVS	1962	2012
Senegal	Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise	RTS	1973	2006
Sri Lanka	Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation	CBC	1967	1973
	Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation (ශ්‍රී ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සංස්ථාව, Shrī Lankā Guvan Viduli Sansthāva) (இலங்கை ஒலிபரப்புக் கூட்டுத்தாபனம், Ilangkai Oliparappuk Kūṭṭuttāpaṉam)	SLBC	2007	2010
South Africa	South African Broadcasting Corporation	SABC	1951	2022
South Korea	Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (주식회사문화방송)	MBC	1961	2009
Sudan	Sudan Television Service	STS	1976	2009
Tanzania	Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation	TBC	1960	2010
United Arab Emirates	Emirates Media Inc.	EMI		2006
	United Arab Emirates Radio And Television – Dubai	UAERTVD		2006
United States	National Association of Educational Broadcasters	NAEB		1981
	Time Life Television	TIME		1970
	United States Information Agency	USIA
	National Educational Television	NET		1970
	Educational Broadcasting Corporation	EBC	1971
	Corporation for Public Broadcasting	CPB	1972
	Cable News Network	CNN
	International Broadcasting Bureau	IBB		2007
	Minnesota Public Radio	MPR	2004	2007
	New York Public Radio	NYPR	2012	2016
	WGBH Educational Foundation	WGBH	2014	2014
Upper Volta	Radiodiffusion-Télévision Voltaïque	RTV	1963	1981
Uruguay	Sociedad Televisora Larrañaga (Tele 12)	C12	1970	1976
Venezuela	Teleinversiones S.A.		1969	1970
	Corporación Venezolana de Televisión	VV	1973	1999
	Radio Caracas Televisión	RCTV	1953	2010
	Radio Caracas Radio	RCR	1960	2010
Zaire	La Voix du Zaïre	VZ	1976	1997
Zimbabwe	Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation	ZBC	1980	2010

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Approved participant members

Any groups or organisations from a country with International Telecommunication Union (ITU) membership, which does not qualify for either the EBU's Active or Associate memberships, but still provide a broadcasting activity for the EBU, are granted a unique Approved Participants membership, which lasts approximately five years. An application for this status may be submitted to the EBU at any given time, providing an annual fee is paid.^[97]

The following eight EBU broadcast members had status as Approved Participants in November 2024.^[98]

More information Country, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.
France	Euronews	EURONEWS
	Institut national de l'audiovisuel	INA
	TV5Monde	TV5
North Macedonia	JP Makedonska Radiodifuzija	JP MRD
Serbia	Radio Television of Vojvodina	RTV
Spain	Catalunya Música	CAT
	Cellnex	CELLNEX

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The following members previously had status as Approved Participants.^[84][83]

More information Country/region, Broadcasting organisation ...

Country/region	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.
France	International Radio and Television Union (Université radiophonique et télévisuelle internationale)	URTI
Hungary	Antenna Hungária [hu]	AH
Israel	Israeli Educational Television	IETV
MENA	MBC Limited – Middle East Broadcasting Centre	MBC
Russia	Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network	RTRN
South Africa	Sentech	SNTC
Spain	Abertis Telecom S.A.	ABERTIS
	Retevisión	RETE

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The EBU in co-operation with the respective host broadcaster organises competitions and events in which its members can participate if they wish to do so. These include:

Eurovision Song Contest

Main article: Eurovision Song Contest

The Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la chanson)^[99] is an annual international song competition between EBU members, that was first held in Lugano, Switzerland, on 24 May 1956. Seven countries participated – each submitting two songs, for a total of 14. This was the only contest in which more than one song per country was performed: since 1957, all contests have allowed one entry per country. The 1956 contest was won by the host nation, Switzerland.^[100] The winner of the most recent contest, which took place in Basel, Switzerland, is Austria.

The EBU first covered the Olympic Games in 1956, and has historically acquired broadcasting rights on behalf of its members.^[110] The amount paid by the EBU steadily increased over time, paying US$22 million for broadcasting rights for Los Angeles 1984, US$240 million for Atlanta 1996,^[111] US$394 million for Athens 2004^[112] and US$746million for Vancouver 2010 and London 2012.^[113]

In 2008, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided to negotiate individually with broadcasters for rights to the 2014-2016 Olympic Games – as the EBU had not "offered enough money".^[114][115] The IOC subsequently signed individual deals with broadcasters in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Turkey and the UK, selling the remainder of the broadcasting rights to Sportfive for US$315 million.^[116] Despite an attempt by the EBU to purchase broadcasting rights for the 2018-2024 Olympic Games, the IOC awarded a contract to Discovery Communications in June 2015.^[117][118] The EBU criticised the decision, stating that it shows a "shift in the IOC’s positioning of the Olympic Games as a free-to-air event that reached all of the European television audience – to a pay event with minimum free-to-air obligations".^[119]

In January 2023, the IOC announced that a joint bid from the EBU and Warner Bros. Discovery had been awarded rights for all Olympic Games from the 2026 Winter Olympics to the 2032 Summer Olympics. The joint bid follows criticism of the 2015 deal to award European television rights to Discovery.^[120] Each EBU member will broadcast at least 200 hours of coverage of the Summer Olympics and at least 100 hours of the Winter Olympics, whereas Warner Bros. Discovery will have unlimited rights.^[121][122]

• African Union of Broadcasting
• Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
• Caribbean Broadcasting Union
• Commonwealth Broadcasting Association
• Commonwealth Press Union
• Europe by Satellite
• International Telecommunication Union
• North American Broadcasters Association
• Organización de Telecomunicaciones de Iberoamérica
• Public Broadcasting System