EPTC (herbicide)

Weed control herbicide From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) is a selective herbicide used for preëmergent control of certain grasses and broadleaf weeds in Australia and the United States.[4][5] It was introduced in 1957.[6]

Quick facts Names, Identifiers ...
S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
S-Ethyl N,N-dipropylcarbamothioate
Other names
  • Eptam
  • Epthame
  • S-Ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate
  • S-Ethyl N,N-dipropylcarbamothioate
  • Carbamic acid, dipropylthio-, S-ethyl ester
  • S-Ethyl dipropylcarbamothioate
  • Dipropylcarbamothioic acid S-ethyl ester
  • 2-ethyl-n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate
[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.010.976 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 212-073-8
KEGG
UNII
UN number 2902 2992
  • InChI=1S/C9H19NOS/c1-4-7-10(8-5-2)9(11)12-6-3/h4-8H2,1-3H3
    Key: GUVLYNGULCJVDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • N(C(SCC)=O)(CCC)CCC
Properties
C9H19NOS
Molar mass 189.32 g·mol−1
Appearance light yellow liquid[2]
Odor Aromatic, Characteristic[2]
Density 955 kg/m3 at 30°C[3]
Melting point <25°C (<77°F) [3]
Boiling point 232 °C (450 °F; 505 K) [3]
375 mg/L[2]
Solubility in [[acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, benzene, xylene]] miscible[2]
Vapor pressure 3.2 Pa[2]
Viscosity 5.2 mm2/s
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark
H302[4]
Flash point 116 °C (241 °F; 389 K)
260 °C (500 °F; 533 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
916 mg/kg (rat, oral)[2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Close

EPTC can be applied preëmergently or postemergently and its effectiveness does not depend on post-application rainfall. The herbicide takes effect quickly afterward. It is registered in every US state.[7] It should be sprayed when the soil is well worked and dry, for good mixing and incorporation. It can be stored at temperatures as low as -50 °F.[8]

It is not persistent in soil, having a half-life of about 6 days.[2]

Use

EPTC use in the United States, 2011

EPTC is applied at 2 to 7.5 lbs/ac in the US, or 2.5-5 kg/ha in Australia, measured by active ingredient. It is usually sold as an emulsifiable concentrate, of 70% or greater concentration,[9][10] or as granules.[6]

In 2001, 277,000 lbs (123 tonnes) of EPTC was used in California.[11]

Registrations

EPTC is registered in Australia,[10] South Africa[12] and the USA.[9]

In the United States, EPTC is registered for use on alfalfa, almonds, beans, birdsfoot trefoil, clovers, lespedeza, sainfoin, citrus nursery stock and plantings, cotton, grass, fallow, pine seedlings, potatoes, safflower, sugar beets, sunflower, tomatoes and walnuts.[9]

In Australia, EPTC is used on beans, potatoes, maize, sweet corn, safflower, rapeseed, sunflower, lucerne, duboisia, lotus, non-crop situations and grass.[10]

The EU does not allow the use of EPTC.[13]

Safety

The EPA says in a 1999 report that EPTC produced no developmental or reproductive toxicity, and there was no cause for concern. Nevertheless, the State of California OEHHA is concerned that EPTC could be developmentally toxic.[11]

Chemical Properties

It has a boiling point of 127°C (261°F) at a pressure of 20 mmHg, and is miscible with acetone, ethanol, kerosene, xylene and 4-methylpentan-2-one.[14]

Tradenames

EPTC has been sold under the tradenames Alirox, Eradicane, Eptam, Genep, Niptan, Shortstop, Torbin and Witox.[8][1] The long-running "Eptam" trademark is the Stauffer Chemical Company's.[8]

References

External links

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