East Bay (Nunavut)
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| East Bay | |
|---|---|
  East Bay | |
| Location | Hudson Bay |
| Coordinates | 64°04′N 81°40′W / 64.067°N 81.667°W[1] |
| Ocean/sea sources | Arctic Ocean |
| Basin countries | Canada |
| Surface area | 286 km2 (110 sq mi)[3] |
| Settlements | Uninhabited |
East Bay is a waterway in the Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is located in Hudson Bay off eastern Southampton Island. Caribou Island lies to the north of the bay's mouth. The nearest community is Coral Harbour, 35 km (22 mi) to the west.[4]
The habitat consists of three main types, water, unvegetated land, and moist or wet vegetated tundra.[5] This can be further broken down as dry heath, gravel ridge, intertidal zone, moss carpet, scrub willow, and sedge meadow.[6] The elevation rises up to 122 m (400 ft) above sea level.[3]
Climate
Southampton Island has a severe subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) which transitions into a tundra climate (ET). Like almost all of Nunavut, Southampton Island is entirely above the tree line. Coral Harbour has never gone above freezing in January, February and March (although the latter has recorded 0.0 °C (32.0 °F). Due to the frozen nature of Hudson Bay, there is a severe seasonal lag until June, especially compared to more continental areas such as Fairbanks despite much sunshine and perpetual twilight at night. Due to the drop of solar strength and the absence of warm water even in summer, temperatures still drop off very fast as September approaches. Cold extremes are severe, but in line with many areas even farther south in Canada's interior.
| Climate data for Coral Harbour (Coral Harbour Airport) WMO ID: 71915; coordinates 64°11′36″N 83°21′34″W / 64.19333°N 83.35944°W; elevation: 62.2 m (204 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1933−present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 0.2 | −1.9 | −0.5 | 4.4 | 8.9 | 23.1 | 32.8 | 30.1 | 19.9 | 7.6 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 32.8 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.6 (33.1) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
5.0 (41.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.0 (82.4) |
26.1 (79.0) |
18.5 (65.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
4.0 (39.2) |
3.4 (38.1) |
28.0 (82.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −24.9 (−12.8) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−20.2 (−4.4) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
6.9 (44.4) |
14.8 (58.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
4.8 (40.6) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−19.2 (−2.6) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −29.0 (−20.2) |
−29.7 (−21.5) |
−24.9 (−12.8) |
−16.1 (3.0) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
10.2 (50.4) |
8.2 (46.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−15.5 (4.1) |
−23.4 (−10.1) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −33.2 (−27.8) |
−33.7 (−28.7) |
−29.7 (−21.5) |
−21.1 (−6.0) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.6 (42.1) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−27.6 (−17.7) |
−14.5 (5.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −52.8 (−63.0) |
−51.4 (−60.5) |
−49.4 (−56.9) |
−39.4 (−38.9) |
−31.1 (−24.0) |
−15.6 (3.9) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−34.4 (−29.9) |
−40.6 (−41.1) |
−48.9 (−56.0) |
−52.8 (−63.0) |
| Record low wind chill | −69.5 | −69.3 | −64.3 | −55.1 | −39.7 | −23.2 | −8.2 | −11.8 | −23.7 | −43.7 | −54.8 | −64.2 | −69.5 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 10.9 (0.43) |
— | 9.6 (0.38) |
18.2 (0.72) |
19.9 (0.78) |
28.0 (1.10) |
34.8 (1.37) |
61.7 (2.43) |
44.9 (1.77) |
36.6 (1.44) |
23.3 (0.92) |
— | — |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) |
— | 0.0 (0.0) |
0.5 (0.02) |
5.4 (0.21) |
22.6 (0.89) |
34.8 (1.37) |
61.4 (2.42) |
35.6 (1.40) |
8.4 (0.33) |
0.3 (0.01) |
— | — |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | — | 11.2 (4.4) |
— | 9.6 (3.8) |
18.1 (7.1) |
14.8 (5.8) |
5.4 (2.1) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
7.8 (3.1) |
28.1 (11.1) |
22.9 (9.0) |
— |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 9.4 | — | 8.7 | 9.7 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 15.4 | 14.0 | — | — |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.0 | — | 0.06 | 0.13 | 2.2 | 7.9 | 9.8 | 13.0 | 8.6 | 4.0 | 0.55 | — | — |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 9.2 | — | 8.7 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 14.0 | 13.4 | — | — |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST) | 67.4 | 66.4 | 69.2 | 74.5 | 80.3 | 73.1 | 62.8 | 69.1 | 75.8 | 85.5 | 79.7 | 72.0 | 73.0 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 37.9 | 112.1 | 187.4 | 240.2 | 239.9 | 262.2 | 312.3 | 220.4 | 109.8 | 70.8 | 47.9 | 18.8 | 1,859.7 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 22.4 | 47.0 | 51.6 | 53.2 | 42.0 | 41.9 | 51.2 | 43.3 | 27.9 | 23.3 | 24.3 | 13.9 | 36.8 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[7] (sun 1981–2010)[8] | |||||||||||||